Antarctica isEarth's southernmost continent.Situated almost entirely south of the Antarctic Circle and surrounded by the Southern Ocean, it contains the geographic South Pole. Antarctica is the fifth-largest continent

The Fishbowl of the Lord

Space Force Isn't Referring To The "Space" You Think It Is. Elon Musk Knows His Rockets Are Not Going Anywhere. He Knows He Didn't Actually Put A Car In Orbit. He Knows Alot Of Things He Wont Be Telling You. Because If He Did That Government Money Funding Everything He Does Would Be Gone And He Would No Longer Be Who He Is Today. Visit https://fearnotexperience.com for some swag and cool stuff. follow and share: https://rumble.com/user/FreemasonicKnowledge https://rumble.com/c/TerrariumNewsNetwork & https://rumble.com/c/FNEnews Thank You for Watching. Follow On Facebook At https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100083577392114 or on Instagram @Mindcrime1994 Subscribe On You Tube https://youtube.com/user/FreemasonicKnowledge

The Mystery of Gravitation was an essay published in The Earth Review magazine April, 1893 by flat earther Albert Smith exposing fatal flaws with the theory of gravity including a shocking and revealing admission from Sir Issac Newton himself. Get Connected With Me: Website: http://www.EricDubay.com Blog: http://www.AtlanteanConspiracy.com Forum: http://www.IFERS.123.st Books: http://www.lulu.com/spotlight/ericdubay Facebook: https://web.facebook.com/groups/edfes/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/ericdubaz/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/ericdubay Gettr: https://gettr.com/user/eric_dubay SoundCloud: https://soundcloud.com/eric-dubay/ Mewe: https://mewe.com/i/ericdubay Minds: https://www.minds.com/EricDubay Gab: https://gab.ai/Eric-Dubay Goodreads: https://www.goodreads.com/ericdubay YouTube: http://www.youtube.com/c/flateartheric Odysee: https://odysee.com/@EricDubay:c BitChute: https://www.bitchute.com/channel/TCgwKoAf3Y9z/ Real Truthseekers: https://real-truth-seekers.com/@ericdubay Rokfin: https://rokfin.com/EricDubay Rumble: https://rumble.com/c/c-1286253 Dollar Vigilante: https://dollarvigilante.tv/c/eric.dubay/videos Telegram: t.me/flatearthericdubay Email: ericdubaynewsletter@protonmail.com

more smoking gun proof for a flat earth. It is up to you to decide. Find the facts and go with them. my other stuff. check out these videos Conspiracy Theory https://rumble.com/c/c-290861 Also FE Fact or Fiction https://rumble.com/c/c-2034932 https://www.youtube.com/@ConspiracyTheoryFacts

Flat earth

Flat Earth

Flat earth

FLAT 🌎 EARTH..

Why do they care if we think the earth is flat? Who is it really hurting if it is not true. check out these videos Conspiracy Theory https://rumble.com/c/c-290861 Also FE Fact or Fiction https://rumble.com/c/c-2034932 https://twitter.com/Contheofacts www.tiktok.com/@conspiracytheoryfacts https://www.instagram.com/conspiracytheoryfacts/ https://truthsocial.com/@WethePeopleTony

2021 video shared by @flatearthawakenings revealing government documents stating earth is flat and non rotating

44 Government documents admit that the earth is indeed flat.

Government Agencies know Earth is Flat! DO YOU_

Nasa,Military,Goverment documents prove Flat Earth and it doesnt move

Eric Dubay has been educating people about the realm in which we actually live for some time now. In this video he discusses how many people react when presented True Earth information. He speaks to why people react in the manner they do and how a knowledgeable True Earther should respond. Very interesting and thought provoking as always from Mr. Dubay. There is what appears to be a common misquote attributed to Aristotle here...hey, don't throw the baby out with the bath water. Readily agreeing with anyone on everything they may say really hinders a learning curve IMHO. 😀 Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics, 1 1094a24-1095a “It is right that we ask [people] to accept each of the things which are said in the same way: for it is the mark of an educated person to search for the same kind of clarity in each topic to the extent that the nature of the matter accepts it. For it is similar to expect a mathematician to speak persuasively or for an orator to furnish clear proofs! Each person judges well what they know and is thus a good critic of those things. For each thing in specific, someone must be educated [to be a critic]; to [be a critic in general] one must be educated about everything.” - https://sententiaeantiquae.com/ #PeaceAndRespect #BiblicalEarth #GodBless #FindTheCreator +++++++ Source: F. Scott Fitzgerald wrote "the truest sign of intelligence is the ability to entertain two contradictory ideas simultaneously," and Aristotle said "It is the mark of an educated mind to be able to entertain a thought without accepting it." Those who are able to refrain from judgement long enough to genuinely research and weigh the evidence from all sides of a given subject are those most likely to arrive at the truth. Those who instantly resort to knee-jerk ridicule and continue to believe whatever they were first taught are those most easily deceived. Get Connected With Me: Website: http://www.EricDubay.com Blog: http://www.AtlanteanConspiracy.com Forum: http://www.IFERS.123.st Books: http://www.lulu.com/spotlight/ericdubay Facebook: https://web.facebook.com/groups/edfes/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/ericdubaz/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/ericdubay Gettr: https://gettr.com/user/eric_dubay SoundCloud: https://soundcloud.com/eric-dubay/

We've been lied to our entire lives. When did it start? Was there anything we learned in school, in the 'education' system that was true? This excellent series will present facts never told or taught now for generations. When enough generations have died off, there is no one to share the truth anymore. Until NOW, as the TRUTH is being shared and learned by all of humanity, for such a time as this!! It's tough realizing all the lies we've been told but once we're over the shock of this realization, it's liberating and exciting to finally learn the TRUTH, all the TRUTH, and nothing but the TRUTH!! Enjoy this series and watch it part by part, as you're able, as the entire series is over 8 hours, but I can assure you, IT'S WORTH YOUR TIME!! And be sure to SHARE this video with those you know. It's a small way we can all do our part in this world-wide GREAT AWAKENING. Following is the title of each of the 13 parts of this series and at what timestamp they begin. 00:00:00 - Part 01 - Turning Inwards 00:07:19 - Part 02 - Of Maps and Magicians 00:34:39 - Part 03 - Flattening the Curve 00:57:17 - Part 04 - Vanishing Points & the Old Clock 01:21:34 - Part 05 - The Red Shield 01:47:27 - Part 06 - Infiltration Instead of Invasion 02:11:36 - Part 07 - Eyes Wide Open 03:01:55 - Part 08 - The Looking Glass 03:59:06 - Part 09 - PANIC! 04:37:30 - Part 10 - The Energetic Earth 05:24:53 - Part 11 - The Bumblebee & the Hexagon 06:07:07 - Part 12 - Stranger than Fiction 07:04:42 - Part 13 - Down the Rabbit Hole 👉 Please SHARE THIS VIDEO to help educate, awaken, and/or further awaken those you know. 👉 Please 'LIKE' this video, by tapping the THUMBS UP icon under the video, and 'FOLLOW' my Channel, if you haven't already. Thanks so much!! ➡️ If you are BLESSED in any way by my 'Seeking Truth Always' podcasts and videos, and are able to help me meet the ongoing monthly expenses of bringing these podcasts of TRUTH to you, I humbly and truly appreciate it. If you are unable to donate, I totally understand and will continue to support, encourage, and help everyone during these very challenging and difficult times, as I have now for 3+ years. 🌺 Thank you in advance if you are able to help with even a $5/month donation. It will make a difference and definitely help me with the ongoing expenses. I've never run ads, nor marketed any product or service to those who watch my podcasts since God called me to this ministry to serve in this war of Good vs Evil. 🙏 👇🏻 CLICK HERE to DONATE 👇🏻 https://www.GiveSendGo.com/SeekingTruthAlways 👉Or, simply CLICK on the 🔺RED JOIN BUTTON🔺 at the top of this video👈 ✅ For MORE TRUTH, 👇click the link below👇 to access my other Social Media Platforms: https://linktr.ee/SeekingTruthAlways

Friends, I'm not here to generate clicks or fame. That doesn't mean anything to me. It's just about you getting to the truth and starting to think and wake up from the matrix. I just offer people the opportunity to find important videos about the current political situation, which I think are very important, as well as any videos that support President Trump. So that you, the people out there, don't have to search for yourself for hours. I also want to help the "The Great Awakening Event" and the MAGA-Community. Everyone can contribute to sharing important information with other people. It's more important than ever. I can only do it this way. I have to protect myself. In my country, I will be prosecuted if I post the truth. We need to stick together and wake up as many people as possible. Many thousands of small networks have the greatest success in sharing truths. I don’t make a cent from the videos. We are One. Start to think out of the Box ! WWG1WGA What do you think about the video? Leave a comment below, let a Thumb up there, and subscribe for further, important content. Hey friends, I want to be honest with you. I'm here to share with you important truths and things. It may be difficult to hear, but it's crucial to be aware of the facts. I encourage you to do your own research and stay informed. If you appreciate this content, please consider subscribing to the channel, leaving a comment, and giving a thumbs up to show your support. Please share these videos with friends and family! This helps us share important messages more effectively. Thank you.🙏 Text "TRUMP" to 88022. Just a heads up, if I remove any videos or content, it's because they contained inaccurate information. I recommend you click on my Rumble profile picture to see all my videos listed. I'm sure you'll find some very important videos to help you understand! Join now: https://trumpforce47.com/ Which sites I recommend: https://rumble.com/c/X22Report https://flatearthdave.com/flat-earth-crash-course/ https://twitter.com/ShadowofEzra https://twitter.com/GeneralMCNews https://twitter.com/WarClandestine https://t.me/Ezra_Cohen_Q https://t.me/MrPool_Q https://t.me/qthestormrider777 Watch this video fort futher informations: The Greatest Show on Planet Earth 1 +2 Q The Plan to Save the World https://rumble.com/v54a1gp-das-us-covid-impfmandat-ist-gefallen.html https://makegreatnow.com/sg-anon-trump-card-identified-washington-dc-attack-coming-nato-suicide-4th-of-july-surprise-video/ https://makegreatnow.com/breaking-q-clock-update-t-minus-10-the-final-countdown/ God bless President Trump and his family, all patriots around the world who are fighting the Deepstate! In God We Trust! Q is real. Stay positive, stay focused, be prepared friends. God wins. God bless you all! WWG1WGA

Get the app! Learn the TRUTH! More info found at https://www.FlatEarthDave.com App Referral code: FErkvst To book Flat Earth Dave on your show click the link at the top. Detoxify your life! Remove Nano Toxins! Buy "MasterPeace" Holistic Detoxification. Link here: https://masterpeacebyhcs.com/?ref=24315 Do you want the red pill or the blue pill? The choice is yours. If you want to know the truth about our flat world, watch these videos in order and there will be no turning back. https://tinyurl.com/FECrashCourse-B We live in a world of lies pushed on us by the upper levels of the world controllers. It is easier to lie to someone than to convince them they have been lied to especially when they are unknowingly addicted to the fear. If the FOUNDATION of your world belief is that you are on a spinning water globe pear rocket flying through an infinite space vacuum, then you will not know WHO you are, WHERE you are and WHAT you truly are. You will be lost and feel insignificant not KNOWING that you are at the center of creation rather than on a speck of dust in an ever expanding universe. With that belief you can be convince of anything. To wake up you MUST start with the foundation of your world and from there you can see beyond the imaginary curve. The FLAT EARTH SUN, MOON & ZODIAC CLOCK app is the best tool for discovering flat earth and introducing it to friends and family. It visually shows how the sky is a perfect clock and brings you the latest google censored flat earth content. The FAQ page will answer all your questions on how and why flat earth is hidden. Got a reason you think Flat Earth is impossible, we have an answer that you haven't thought of yet. Take the FE Clock challenge. Watch the featured video every day for 2 weeks and see what happens. Just search "Flat Earth Clock" by Blue Water Bay in Google Play or the Apple App Store. It will be the best $2.99 you've ever invested. Avoid the knock off apps on Google Play, they are FREE and still NOT worth the price. Download and check it out today! Apple: https://tinyurl.com/FEiOSapp Android: https://tinyurl.com/FEdroidApp Both: https://qrco.de/bbizVA APK: https://flatearthvideosearch.xyz/FE_CLOCKJuly.apk Support this channel and FLAT EARTH awareness: https://www.patreon.com/DITRH For one time donations: PayPal.me/DITRH Venmo: dtweiss FaceBook. https://www.facebook.com/TheFlatEarthPodcast Brighteon: https://brighteon.com/channels/ditrhinterviews BitChute: https://bitchute.com/ditrhinterviews Brighteon: https://brighteon.com/channels/ditrh BitChute: https://bitchute.com/ditrh Rumble: https://rumble.com/DITRHinterviews Brighteon: https://tinyurl.com/DITRHiBlist Instagram: @Theflatearthpodcast Web3: https://flatearthdave.tv X: https://x.com/thefepodcast MEDIA INQUIRES: https://www.theflatearthpodcast.com/book-dave-for-an-interview/ If you are a show host and think Flat Earth is stupid and impossible, let's do a Q&A on your channel. podcast, science, technology, geology, astronomy, physics, education

Plain & Simple. It Is Not Hard To Understand Or Prove. Visit https://fearnotexperience.com for some swag and cool stuff. follow and share: https://rumble.com/user/FreemasonicKnowledge https://rumble.com/c/TerrariumNewsNetwork & https://rumble.com/c/FNEnews Thank You for Watching. Follow On Facebook At https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100083577392114 or on Instagram @Mindcrime1994 Subscribe On You Tube https://youtube.com/user/FreemasonicKnowledge

ICONS SPEAK ABOUT THE VERY IMPORTANT INFORMATION THAT IS NOT TALKED ABOUT. THIS EPISODE GOES ALL IN AND OUT OF THIS REALITY. PLEASE DO NOT FEED THE TROLL IMPOSTERS WHO ARE AFTER YOUR MONEY. I DO NOT SELL OR SOLICIT FOR ANYONE OR ANYTHING. I HAVE A PURPLE CROWN AS A COMMENTER. ANYONE ELSE IS A FRAUD. WALK BESIDE US @ https://t.me/ICONS2021 AND WE HAVE A SPIRITUAL CHANNEL ON TELEGRAM CALLED "SOULS OF LIGHT" https://t.me/SOULIGHTS

NASA research has led me here.

I learned it in school so its true. I wont even watch this. I ll just give it a thumbs down and a comment about how stupid it is. I know we live on a spinning ball and I know NASA wouldnt lie. This must be a shill. I feel smarter already. Ill have a tall glass of tap water to celebrate not watching this crap.

And Start Thinking For Yourself. You've Been Taught That Conformity Is Maturity. It's Not. Visit https://fearnotexperience.com for some swag and cool stuff. follow and share: https://rumble.com/user/FreemasonicKnowledge https://rumble.com/c/TerrariumNewsNetwork & https://rumble.com/c/FNEnews Thank You for Watching. Follow On Facebook At https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100083577392114 or on Instagram @Mindcrime1994 Subscribe On You Tube https://youtube.com/user/FreemasonicKnowledge

We Can Now Access Knowledge They Never Thought Anyone Outside Their Little Clubs Would See. Many People Are Clueless To The Power Of The Internet Because They Use It For Frivolous Things That Go Along With Their Programmed Dumbed Down Mentality. However For Those Who Still Have Braincell's Left, It Is The Tool Of Truth. The Light At The End Of This Dark Tunnel. The Sheeple Don't Know They Are In. Because They Are Blind. They Don't Search For Things They Think They Already Know. That Is How The PTB Get Away With Hiding Everything In Plain Sight. If You Know You Know, If You Don't, You Don't. In Other Words, You Don't Know What You Don't Know Until You Know It. and Now You Know It. Damn Isn't That Inconvenient. Knowing Stuff Isn't As Easy As It Seems Before Knowing Stuff. Visit https://fearnotexperience.com for some swag and cool stuff. follow and share: https://rumble.com/user/FreemasonicKnowledge https://rumble.com/c/TerrariumNewsNetwork & https://rumble.com/c/FNEnews Thank You for Watching. Follow On Facebook At https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100083577392114 or on Instagram @Mindcrime1994 Subscribe On You Tube https://youtube.com/user/FreemasonicKnowledge

If You Actually Watch These Real Earth Videos I Post And Still Don't Get It", Then I'm Sorry Your Brain Is Broken. That Is All I Can Say At This Point. Visit https://fearnotexperience.com for some swag and cool stuff. follow and share: https://rumble.com/user/FreemasonicKnowledge https://rumble.com/c/TerrariumNewsNetwork & https://rumble.com/c/FNEnews Thank You for Watching. Follow On Facebook At https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100083577392114 or on Instagram @Mindcrime1994 Subscribe On You Tube https://youtube.com/user/FreemasonicKnowledge

It Doesn't Lie Like Men Do. Visit https://fearnotexperience.com for some swag and cool stuff. follow and share: https://rumble.com/user/FreemasonicKnowledge https://rumble.com/c/TerrariumNewsNetwork & https://rumble.com/c/FNEnews Thank You for Watching. Follow On Facebook At https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100083577392114 or on Instagram @Mindcrime1994 Subscribe On You Tube https://youtube.com/user/FreemasonicKnowledge

Once You Learn The Truth, See The Truth, Know The Truth. You Don't Go Back To The Lie. So Get A Clue Stew,... And Anyone Else Who Treats This Like Some Conspiracy Garbage. Take It Seriously As Any Other Truth You Seek And Face The Consequences Of Knowing The Truth With All Its Implications. Many People Out Here Don't Deserve To Be As Popular As They Are Holding People Back. The Names To Numerous To Mention. Visit https://fearnotexperience.com for some swag and cool stuff. follow and share: https://rumble.com/user/FreemasonicKnowledge https://rumble.com/c/TerrariumNewsNetwork & https://rumble.com/c/FNEnews Thank You for Watching. Follow On Facebook At https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100083577392114 or on Instagram @Mindcrime1994 Subscribe On You Tube https://youtube.com/user/FreemasonicKnowledge

Film footage beyond the Antarctic ice wall shows the existence of other continents!!! The time of TRUTH has come!!! - Flat Earth is the Most Important Truth - why "THEY" DONT WANT YOU TO KNOW THE TRUTH.. THE EARTH IS WITHIN THE ICEWALL --->>> https://rumble.com/v5elqkj-flat-earth-is-the-most-important-truth-why-the-secret-societies-dont-want-y.html ———————————————— 🔥 MISSION STATEMENT: EVEN ATTACKS BY MEANS OF NEGATIVE REVIEWS CANNOT STOP THE TRUTH TO BE EXPOSED - To bring the secrets from the UNDERGROUND into the light to INCREASE AWARENESS and SaveOurChildren is OUR MAIN MISSION ———————————————— CHANNEL DISCLAIMER ©️ COPYRIGHT / LICENSING ———————————————— we invite every content owner and video producer to contact us by email (DUMBSandUNDERGROUND@proton.me) #StongerTogether - WWG1WGA ———————————————— Copyright Disclaimer under Section 107 of the Copyright Act of 1976, allowance is made for "fair use" for purpose such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching, scholarship, and research. Fair use is a use permitted by copyright statute that might otherwise be infringing. Non-profit, educational or personal use tips the balance in favour of fair use. IF YOU HAVE ANY LICENSE ISSUES, PLEASE CONTACT US BY EMAIL(DUMBSandUNDERGROUND@proton.me) to RESOLVE THE PROBLEM and discuss a COOPERATION ———————————————— JOIN US and our Partners ON TELEGRAM and RUMBLE --->>>> https://t.me/DUMBSandUNDERGROUND https://t.me/DUMBSandCLONING topic connected with CLONING https://rumble.com/c/CLONING ReptoTV https://rumble.com/c/ReptoTV PEDO CABAL https://t.me/EXPOSEthePEDOSendOfTheCABAL https://rumble.com/c/EXPOSEthePEDOSendOfTheCabal ———————————————— ☕️🔥 if our work is useful for you, we appreciate your support by buying us a coffee ☕️ Big Thank you for your support - WWG1WGA --->>> ☕️🔥 https://www.buymeacoffee.com/FCKtheNWO ———————————————— > SECURE SURFING in the INTERNET > YOU CANT ACCESS RUMBLE? e.g in FRANCE or somewhere else? - >>>> WE RECOMMEND OUR 🔥 VPN PARTNER >>> http://tiny.cc/VPN 🔥 PRIVATE INTERNET ACCESS >>> http://tiny.cc/privateinternetaccess

Why I'm a flat earther : 37 must-see experiments proving the earth is flat. Taboo Conspiracy

The moon landing. A pinnacle of human achievement that forever altered our perception of what was possible. Yet, nestled within the annals of conspiracy theories lies a persistent belief that challenges the authenticity of these extraordinary milestones. "The NASA Moon and Mars Landing Hoaxes" documentary delves deep into the controversial claims that question the reality of these historic events, inviting viewers to explore the shadows of doubt that continue to shroud our lunar and Martian endeavors. From the iconic Apollo moon missions to the recent Mars exploration missions, this thought-provoking film meticulously examines the skepticism surrounding NASA's celebrated achievements. Drawing upon evidence, expert testimonies, and alternative theories, it peels back the layers of speculation to present a comprehensive analysis of the alleged hoaxes that have captivated the imagination of dissenting voices. The documentary revisits the moon landing footage, scrutinizing anomalies and inconsistencies often cited by skeptics as evidence of a grand deception. With expert opinions and scientific analysis, viewers are encouraged to question the official narrative, contemplating the possibility that the moon landings were staged events intended to deceive the world. In addition to the moon landing controversy, the film delves into the Mars landing missions, addressing claims that suggest the rover expeditions and photographs may be part of an elaborate ruse. Through a critical examination of the alleged discrepancies and contradictions, viewers are invited to explore alternative explanations that challenge the notion of genuine exploration on the Red Planet. While the mainstream consensus overwhelmingly supports the authenticity of these monumental achievements, "The NASA Moon and Mars Landing Hoaxes" documentary offers a platform for dissenting voices and alternative perspectives. It presents a balanced examination of the evidence, encouraging viewers to engage in critical thinking and evaluate the plausibility of the conspiracy theories that persist to this day. Prepare to embark on a journey that probes the boundaries of truth and fiction, as this captivating documentary unravels the complexities surrounding the controversies that have swirled around NASA's moon and Mars landings. By embracing the spirit of inquiry, we seek to uncover a deeper understanding of our quest for knowledge beyond our home planet. Join us as we navigate the controversial landscape where fact and doubt intersect, shedding new light on one of humanity's greatest achievements and the questions that linger in the cosmos.

"NASA and the Flat Earth" is a captivating documentary that takes an in-depth look at the enduring conspiracy theory surrounding the shape of our planet and its relationship with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Directed by an intrepid filmmaker, this thought-provoking film delves into the origins, claims, and controversies surrounding the Flat Earth movement, while examining NASA's role in shaping our understanding of Earth's shape and exploring the vastness of space. Through interviews with prominent members of the Flat Earth community, as well as renowned scientists and experts from NASA, "NASA and the Flat Earth" provides a comprehensive examination of the opposing viewpoints. The documentary delves into the historical context of the Flat Earth theory, analyzing its roots and the reasons behind its enduring popularity despite overwhelming scientific evidence supporting a spherical Earth. This documentary serves as a platform for examining the claims made by Flat Earth proponents, scrutinizing their arguments and addressing the scientific evidence that has been amassed over centuries. By juxtaposing these perspectives with insights from NASA scientists, engineers, and astronauts, "NASA and the Flat Earth" offers viewers a nuanced understanding of the scientific consensus and the rigorous research that has contributed to our modern understanding of the Earth's shape. With stunning visuals and compelling storytelling, "NASA and the Flat Earth" invites viewers to critically examine the Flat Earth theory and explore the role of scientific institutions like NASA in shaping our understanding of the world. It prompts us to question the nature of scientific inquiry, the influence of conspiracy theories, and the importance of evidence-based knowledge in our increasingly interconnected society. Whether you are a skeptic, a curious observer, or simply interested in exploring the complex relationship between science and popular belief, "NASA and the Flat Earth" is a thought-provoking documentary that challenges our preconceived notions and invites us to engage in a deeper exploration of our world and the forces that shape our understanding of it.

ALL PILOTS CLAIM EARTH IS FLAT AND CURVATURE DOESN'T EXIST

Why consider the concept of a Flat Earth? What are the real facts? Are you open to learning differently than you were taught? Ask yourself, if it was flat, what is the motivation for others to convince you that it is a globe?

20 Ways to prove to yourself that the earth is flat

Flat Earth Fact 17 Lasers Prove the Earth is Flat

The Next Level (2022) - Flat Earth Documentary by Hibbeler Productions Please Subscribe, Like and Share The World! It's Time For Everyone To Wake Up! The Globalists Deep-State & PLANdemic Secrets You Need To Know ASAP. Visit and Share: https://greatawakening.world/ Real Great Awakening Daily QANON, Trump & PLANdemic News! Join Our Community On Telegram Here: https://t.me/greatawakeningworld 👉 Stay Safe, Secure & Anonymous Online. Get Your FREE VPN Here: https://greatawakening.world/vpn 👉 Free Trump & Patriots Gifts Here: https://greatawakening.world/freegifts freedom, light, nwo, who, new world order, cabal, cabal deep state, deep state, illuminati, cult, secret society, who runs the world, runs the world, world leader, donald trump, cabal vs donald trump, fall of cabal, fall of deep state, fall of illuminati, illuminati truth, illuminati cult deep state scam, cabal scam, Rothschild, Rothschild family, rockefeller, rockefeller family, globalist, agenda 21, agenda 30, globalist agenda, world domination, conspiracy, qanon, q anon

Mirror Footage of our Flat Earth from 20 Miles up is a mirror from the Flat stuff earth channel which can be be found here:https://youtu.be/4wxboSwe9j4 No maps or models,we want full exploration before we can start to entertain that. Sea is Level and there's no measurable curve anywhere and as you can see from this footage it's flat from 20 miles up and the horizon is at eye level which is impossible on a Globe. The illustration at the end of the video doesn't represent any map I or any flat earther I know believe in,It's just an illustration to give you some idea of what the earth could look like. Cheers 👍

Since it's Flat Earth Friday...perhaps this would be a great time to question the reality of which we live in. Whether or not you believe the earth is a globe, flat, or something else? Question everything and go from there. The Firmament and the Waters Above Flat Earth https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_vLyyUmdEFk The Potters Clay https://www.youtube.com/@ThePottersClay/videos Here are a couple of books to consider it's a must read. Where Are We?: Earth according to the Bible by Chad Taylor https://www.amazon.com/Where-Are-We-Earth-according/dp/0999322109 Graven Image: Why The Earth Is Not A Globe? by Vincent Rhodes https://www.amazon.com/Graven-Image-Why-Earth-Globe/dp/1702151174/ref=sr_1_2?crid=HIPALURK7GW5&dib=eyJ2IjoiMSJ9.DjcwvNWUfqJaiQAOxZLpEO3u-mkNM2BD7H7u3Hft5MoWZRLkiTLRIXlWP9C4uK4NmQSQ96941EY_-QU1Ya24tiUOQs2-bfZh8eJWeMEqmyjHjrnmAHJvHgTxRvBIPHynfLsX3KhBlbqSiSIKj6Gtes__7145VuEJj6eZ0K1TjIb_oT9QdvmYO4taYXCRluZrfumm6VYi6NrON7p8VwjFfsXHJYGmlOm7ns8tvEY8Ptc.c9Wdxl2q6SpeBA8bEQPhMf-58DsTzajrwcEBSaWfgoU&dib_tag=se&keywords=vincent+rhodes&qid=1723255352&sprefix=vincent+rho%2Caps%2C155&sr=8-2 Please like, share, and subscribe. Any tips would be most appreciated: PayPal https://www.PayPal.Me/TruthIsUnbreakable Instagram https://www.instagram.com/truthisunbreakable Twitter https://twitter.com/jptruthunbreaka

https://www.youtube.com/@DITRH https://rumble.com/user/DITRH https://www.bitchute.com/channel/ditrh/ 81 Government & Affiliate Documents that admit Flat Earth: https://www.terre-plate.org/library/CIA%20NASA%20Documents/81%20Government%20_%20Affiliate%20Documents%20that%20admit%20Flat%20Earth-converted.pdf 81 Government & Affiliate Documents that admit Flat Earth: (1) Dissertations Defended in the Scientific Council of the Institute of Physics of the Earth Pages: 19, 20 https://www.cia.gov/library/readingroom/docs/CIA-RDP86-00513R001343720008-3.pdf (2) Propagation of Electromagnetic Fields Over Flat Earth Pages: Cover Page, 7, 17, 18, 28, 35 https://www.arl.army.mil/arlreports/2001/ARL-TR-2352.pdf (3) An Energy Budget Model to Calculate the Low Atmosphere Profiles of Effective Sound Speed at Night Pages: 10, 16 https://www.arl.army.mil/arlreports/2003/ARL-MR-563.pdf (4) Computationally Efficient Algorithms for Estimating the Angle of Arrival of Helicopters Using Acoustic Arrays Pages: 17, 30, 31, 35 https://www.arl.army.mil/arlreports/2009/ARL-TR-4998.pdf (5) Adding Liquid Payloads Effects to the 6-DOF Trajectory of Spinning Projectiles Page: 7 https://www.arl.army.mil/arlreports/2010/ARL-TR-5118.pdf (6) Trajectory Prediction of Spin-Stabilized Projectiles With a Steady Liquid Payload Page: 10 https://www.arl.army.mil/arlreports/2011/ARL-TR-5810.pdf (7) Derivation and Definition of a Linear Aircraft Model Pages: 6, 35, 55, 102 https://www.nasa.gov/centers/dryden/pdf/88104main_H-1391.pdf (8) General Equations of Motion for a Damaged Asymmetric Aircraft Page: 2 https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20070030307.pdf (9) Predicted Performance of a ThrustEnhanced SR-71 Aircraft with an External Payload Page: 10 https://www.nasa.gov/centers/dryden/pdf/88507main_H-2179.pdf (10) Predicted Performance of a ThrustEnhanced SR-71 Aircraft with an External Payload Page: 7 https://www.mitre.org/sites/default/files/publications/pr_15-1318-derivation-of-point-mass-aircraftmodel-used-for-fast-time-simulation.pdf (11) A Method for Reducing The Sensitivity of Optimal Nonlinear Systems to Parameter Uncertainty Page: 14 https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19710018599.pdf (12) Calculation of Wind Compensation for Launching of Unguided Rockets Pages: 8, 10 https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20040008097.pdf (13) User’s Manual for LINEAR, a FORTRAN Program to Derive Linear Aircraft Models (2768) Page: 16 https://www.nasa.gov/centers/dryden/pdf/88072main_H-1259.pdf (14) User’s Manual for LINEAR, a FORTRAN Program to Derive Linear Aircraft Models (2835) Page: 4 https://www.nasa.gov/centers/dryden/pdf/88072main_H-1259.pdf (15) Determination of Angles of Attack and Sideslip from Radar Data and a Roll-Stablized Platform Page: 2 https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19720012071.pdf (16) U.S. Standard Atmosphere (1962) Page: 22 https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19630003300.pdf (17) An Aircraft Model for the AIAA Controls Design Challenge Page: 13 https://www.nasa.gov/centers/dryden/pdf/88248main_H-1777.pdf (18) Investigation of Aircraft Landing in Variable Wind Fields Page: 14 https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19790005472.pdf (19) A Mathematical Model of the CH-53 Page: 25 https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19810003557.pdf (20) The Development and Validation of a Piloted Simulation of a Helicopter and External Sling Load Pages: 6, 37, 48 https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19790005912.pdf (21) Atmospheric Oscillations Page: 13 https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19650015408.pdf (22) Stability and Control Estimation Flight Test Results for the SR-71 Aircraft With Externally Mounted Experiments Page: 19 https://www.nasa.gov/centers/dryden/pdf/88733main_H-2465.pdf (23) Flight Testing a V/STOL Aircraft to Identify a Full-Envelope Aerodynamic Model Page: 9 https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19880014378.pdf (24) Singular Arc Time-Optimal Climb Trajectory of Aircraft in a Two-Dimensional Wind Field Page: 2 https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20060053337.pdf (25) STUDIES ON INSTABILITIES IN LONG-BASELINE TWO-WAY SATELLITE TIME AND FREQUENCY TRANSFER (TWSTFT) INCLUDING A TROPOSPHERE DELAY MODEL Pages: 2, 6 https://tycho.usno.navy.mil/ptti/2007papers/paper21.pdf (26) Scale-Insensitive Detection Algorithm for FLIR Imagery Page: 6 https://www.arl.army.mil/arlreports/2001/ARL-TN-175.pdf (27) User Manual for the Microsoft Window Edition of the Scanning Fast-Field Program (WSCAFFIP) Version 3.0 Page: 45 https://www.arl.army.mil/arlreports/2003/ARL-TR-2696.pdf (28) Path-Loss Measurements in a Forested Environment at VHF Pages: 8, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 23, 25, 26, 35 http://www.arl.army.mil/arlreports/2000/ARL-TR-2156.pdf (29) Review of Sound Propagation in the Lower Atmosphere Page: 18, 208 https://apps.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/067880.pdf (30) Beacon Position and Attitude Navigation Aided by a Magnetometer Page: 11 https://www.arl.army.mil/arlreports/2010/ARL-CR-650.pdf (31) Atmospheric Oscillations Page: 9 http://www.arl.army.mil/arlreports/2002/ARL-TR-2683.pdf (32) Modeling of Atmospheric Effects Page: 13 https://www.arl.army.mil/arlreports/2000/ARL-TR-1812.pdf (33) Telemetry Standards Page: 172 http://www.irig106.org/docs/106-17/106-17_Telemetry_Standards.pdf (34) Approximate Optimal Guidance for the Advanced Launch System Page: 172 https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19940020279.pdf (35) https://www.nasa.gov/centers/dryden/pdf/88380main_H-2052.pdf Pages: 4, 10 https://www.nasa.gov/centers/dryden/pdf/88380main_H-2052.pdf (36) Simulator Aero Model Implementation Page: 10 https://www.aviationsystemsdivision.arc.nasa.gov/publications/hitl/rtsim/Toms.pdf (37) Design and Implementation of Flight Visual Simulation System Page: 3 https://arxiv.org/pdf/1212.0365.pdf (38) A Discussion of Methods of Real-Time Airplane Flight Simulation Page: 11 http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.510.7499&rep=rep1&type=pdf (39) The American Practical Navigator: An Epitome of Navigation Pages: 351, 355, 573, 636 http://geocenter.survey.ntua.gr/main/labs/carto/academic/persons/bnakos_site_nafp/documentation/ american_practical_navigator.pdf (40) The Production of Firing Tables for Cannon Artillery Pages: 10, 22, 34, 110 https://apps.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/826735.pdf (41) Field Artillery Manual Cannon Gunnery Page: 175, 192 https://armypubs.army.mil/epubs/DR_pubs/DR_a/pdf/web/tc3_09x81.pdf (42) Field Artillery Gunnery http://militarynewbie.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/FM-3-09.8-FIELD-ARTILLERY-GUNNERY.pdf (43) TTP for the Field Artillery Cannon Gunnery https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/library/policy/usmc/mcwp/3-16-3/mcwp3-16-3.pdf (44) Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures for the field artillery Manual Cannon Gunnery https://www.marines.mil/Portals/1/Publications/mcwp3_16_4.pdf (45) The flat-earth approximation to the solution of electromagnetic propagation in a stratified terrestrial atmosphere Page: 18 https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3106&context=rtd (46) Far-Zone Field of a Monopole Element on a Disk Ground Plane above Flat Earth https://apps.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a253580.pdf (47) Radio propagation over a flat Earth across a boundary separating two different media https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rsta.1953.0008 (48) On the Theory of Radio Wave Propagation Over Inhomogeneous Earth Page: 47 http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/jres/67D/jresv67Dn1p39_A1b.pdf (49) The Flat Earth Object Oriented Ontological Explorations in Design Praxis https://www.pdfdrive.com/the-flat-earth-object-oriented-ontological-explorations-in-design-praxisd28858655.html (50) The earth is flat (p>0.05): Significance thresholds and the crisis of unreplicable research https://peerj.com/preprints/2921.pdf (51) Beyond 'flat-earth' maps of the third sector http://www.nr-foundation.org.uk/downloads/NRF-TST-Report-Beyond-Flat-Earth.pdf (52) Continuation from a flat to a round Earth model in the coplanar orbit transfer problem page: 1 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00542967v2/document (53) Propagation Near the Earth's Surface Page: 2 http://faculty.nps.edu/jenn/EC3630/NearSurface(v1.8.4).pdf (54) The tsunami mode of a flat earth and its excitation by earthquake sources Pages: 2,3,9,10,25 http://gji.oxfordjournals.org/content/77/1/1.full.pdf (55) The Atmospheric Boundary Layer for Engineers Page: 390 https://www.pdfdrive.com/download.pdf?id=157502248&h=6ca901ba18aacf817ab392bbfcaedf4d&u=c ache (56) The relaxation of spherical and flat Maxwell Earth models and effects due to the presence of the lithosphere Pages: 24,25,31,32, https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/7778/003a7bb4f923a9dc21a480e1221c4adf6b46.pdf (57) The Earth is flat when personally significant experiences with the sphericity of the Earth are absent Pages: 130,131,133,134, http://www.experimental-psychology.de/ccc/docs/pubs/Carbon2010c.pdf (58) NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (FILE CALLED FLAT EARTH) http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/srtm/Flat_earth.pdf (59) Cartographic Science: A Compendium of Map Projections, with Derivations (Projected on to a Flat Earth) https://www.pdfdrive.com/download.pdf?id=175242152&h=d422f8ee9b44c7b398bae4a12406ea35&u =cache (60) The dynamics of flight: the equations Pages: 7,8,9,104,118,257 https://www.pdfdrive.com/download.pdf?id=184096662&h=fce77194bf02ca3587e7ec8b502b7213&u= cache (61) Simulating Aerial Targets in DD Accounting for the Earth’s Curvature Pages: Flat Earth on Every Page https://confcats_isif.s3.amazonaws.com/web-files/journals/entries/446_1_art_8_24886.pdf (62) Basic Surveying Technology Page: 27 https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED317816.pdf (63) THE 3-D GLOBAL SPATIAL DATA MODEL- Foundation of the Spatial Data Infrastructure Pages: 8,21,45,114,130,213,317 https://www.pdfdrive.com/download.pdf?id=161836228&h=23d9ee53b5afa2c8401bb4bfbb4f5a93&u= cache (64) Minimum-Energy Ballistic Trajectories over a Non-Rotating Earth http://naca.central.cranfield.ac.uk/reports/arc/cp/0604.pdf (65) Cooperative Strategy for 21st Century Seapower 2007 - The new maritime strategy posits an unconventional naval vision for a flat world, https://www.google.com/amp/s/amp.theatlantic.com/amp/article/306417/ (66) The Flat Earth and it's Advocates: A List of References (Government's personal Flat Earth research housed at Library of Congress) https://www.loc.gov/rr/scitech/SciRefGuides/flatearth.html (67) a flat map of the Earth’s surface with four months’ of satellite data...Then we wrapped the flat map around a ball https://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/about/people/RSimmon.html (68) Aside from a few canisters of Apollo 9 telemetry tapes still stored at the WNRC, the Apollo-era telemetry tapes no longer exist-anywhere https://www.hq.nasa.gov/alsj/a11/Apollo_11_TV_Tapes_Report.pdf (69) NASA Flat Earth map https://www.giss.nasa.gov/tools/gprojector/help/projections/PeirceQuincuncial.png (70) UN logo Flat Earth map https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azimuthal_equidistant_projection#/media/File%3AEmblem_of_the_Un ited_Nations.svg (71) International Maritime Organization Logo Flat Earth map https://unworldoceansday.org/sites/default/files/2018-05/LOGO_IMO_blue_pantone_highres_370X310px.png (72) International Civil Aviation Organization logo Flat Earth map https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Civil_Aviation_Organization#/media/File%3AInternationa l_Civil_Aviation_Organization_logo.svg (73) World Meteorological Organization logo Flat Earth map https://public.wmo.int/sites/all/themes/wmo/logo.png (74) World Health Organization logo Flat Earth map https://www.who.int/ResourcePackages/WHO/assets/dist/images/logos/en/h-logo-blue.svg (75) Gleason Flat Earth Map Patent https://patents.google.com/patent/US497917A/en (76) Antarctic treaty https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/66 2756/Antarctic_Treaty_Cm_9542_1_of_4_PRINT.pdf (77) Operation High Jump http://www.bahaistudies.net/asma/Operation_Highjump.pdf (78) Operation Dominic https://www.dtra.mil/Portals/61/Documents/NTPR/2-Hist_Rpt_Atm/1962_DNA_6040F.pdf (79) Operation Fishbowl https://apps.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a469481.pdf (80) Project Paperclip https://www.cia.gov/library/center-for-the-study-of-intelligence/csi-publications/csistudies/studies/vol-58-no-3/pdfs-vol-58-no-3/Watkins-Paperclip-3SEP-2014.pdf (81) Project Blue Beam https://www.federaljack.com/ebooks/6085197-Project-Bluebeam.pdf THE LINK TO THIS SITE POPS UP WARNING THAT THE SITE IS HARMFULL. DO NOT BELIEVE IT (THEY DON'T WANT YOU TO READ THIS INFORMATION) (video) The Concave Earth Documentary (6 hours) https://isitreallyflat.com/concave-cellular-earth/concave-media/concave-videos/the-concave-earth-documentary-6-hours/ (Videos) History of a Flat Earth / What on Earth Happened https://isitreallyflat.com/media/videos-history-of-a-flat-earth-what-on-earth-happened/ Below is an excerpt from The Greatest Lie on Earth (Expanded Edition). (pdf) The Greatest Lie on Earth Proof That Our World Is Not a Moving Globe, Edward Hendrie https://isitreallyflat.com/fe/books/the-greatest-lie-on-earth-proof-that-our-world-is-not-a-moving-globe-by-edward-hendrie/ Dissertations Defended in the Scientific Council of the Institute of Physics of the Earth Pages: 19, 20 This no longer links to the document, but it is the URL from Nathan Roberts https://www.cia.gov/library/readingroom/docs/CIA-RDP86-00513R001343720008-3.pdf Direct PDF Download: 01 CIA-RDP86-00513R001343720008-3 This is a document from the USSR. It is a dissertation defense predicting light dispersion in the atmosphere based on a model. It uses the word “firmament” translated from Russian to mean “sky”. This model assumes a flat earth to simplify calculations. Modeling is common in engineering to eliminate things that increase complexity without adding significant value to the output. This model also only calculated first-order scattering. This does not mean there is no scattering other that first-order, it means it was not included in the model. Page 25 of this document has a different dissertation titled “Determination of the Gravity Forces on the Sea by the Pendulum Method”. This is an admission that gravity exists. If the earth were flat and stationary, it would collapse into a sphere due to gravity. “If both energy and angular momentum are exported efficiently, the object (if large enough) will collapse into a sphere.” Page 2: https://arxiv.org/pdf/1004.1091.pdf Propagation of Electromagnetic Fields Over Flat Earth Pages: Cover Page, 7, 17, 18, 28, 35 https://www.arl.army.mil/arlreports/2001/ARL-TR-2352.pdf Page 7: “It is assumed that the transmitting antenna and the target (or receiver) are located above, but near the surface of a flat idealized earth (constant permittivity, ε, and conductivity, σ) ground.” This assumption has three parts: flat earth constant permittivity constant conductivity This is a model. Specifically, this model is exploring reflections over a topographically flat surface, thus “flat earth”, but not a perfectly conducting surface. Page 8: “The problems of calculating the reflection of uniform plane wave fields from a homogeneous boundary and calculating the fields from a finite source local to a perfectly conducting boundary are relatively straightforward. However, when the source is local to a general homogeneous plane boundary, it is found that the solution cannot be expressed in closed form.” Propagation of Electromagnetic Fields Over Flat Earth page 2There are reasons engineers simplify things. When this paper talks about “flat earth” it is specifically speaking about an area of flat topography. This is in contrast to the normal condition of varying topography. Look at the diagram on page 2 for an example of the conditions this paper is modeling. Calculating electrical fields over a flat surface is much less complicated than over any sort of varying surface. This paper makes other assumptions that are also not true to make the calculations easier: “It is assumed that the transmitting antenna and the target (or receiver) are located above, but near the surface of a flat idealized earth (constant permittivity, ε, and conductivity, σ) ground.” We know with complete certainty that ground does not have constant permittivity or conductivity. They made these assumptions to make the calculations simpler and more universally applicable. None of the engineering simplifications in this document suggest anything about the shape of the earth. An Energy Budget Model to Calculate the Low Atmosphere Profiles of Effective Sound Speed at Night Pages: 10, 16 https://www.arl.army.mil/arlreports/2003/ARL-MR-563.pdf Page 10: Nathan thinks a not-to-scale diagram somehow suggests the earth is flat? Surely you can’t be serious. Page 16: “To briefly examine short range acoustic attenuation at night, we use the low atmosphere profiles of wind speed, temperature, and relative humidity (shown before) as input to a flat earth, non-turbulent acoustic propagation model called the Windows (version) Scanning Fast Field Program (WSCAFFIP).” This very clearly states they are modeling to calculate short-range acoustic attenuation. They are using profiles to model wind, temperature, and humidity as well as topographically flat terrain. Modeling is an engineering tradeoff to reduce complexities, particularly ones that have trivially small effects on the output. Computationally Efficient Algorithms for Estimating the Angle of Arrival of Helicopters Using Acoustic Arrays https://www.arl.army.mil/arlreports/2010/ARL-TR-5118.pdf Page 4 refers to GPS as “global positioning system”. Page 17, 30, 31, 35 This document deals with a model for using acoustic signals to ascertain information about helicopters. This includes bouncing the sound off a “flat earth”. This is referring to the topography of the surface of the earth, it is not suggesting anything about the shape of the earth as a whole. It’s important to understand this document is about modeling how sound waves propagate. It’s clear Nathan simply searched this document for the word flat and did nothing more than noting the page numbers. He didn’t even read the full sentence like this for example: “The assumptions of straight-line propagation, constant reflection coefficient, or reflection off a flat earth may not be valid.” Of course, this is not referring to a flat earth model in regard to the entire world either, just the accuracy of the model within the scope this document is exploring. Adding Liquid Payloads Effects to the 6-DOF Trajectory of Spinning Projectiles Page: 7 https://www.arl.army.mil/arlreports/2011/ARL-TR-5810.pdf This document models spinning projectiles with a liquid payload. This is compared to a model for spinning projectiles that are solid. These models are compared and then compared to real observations. The model assumes a flat earth to simplify calculations. Modeling is common in engineering to eliminate things that increase complexity without adding significant value to the output. In particular, this is about not including the topography of the land in the calculations. This is not about the earth’s shape as a whole. Trajectory Prediction of Spin-Stabilized Projectiles With a Steady Liquid Payload Page: 10 https://www.arl.army.mil/arlreports/2011/ARL-TR-5810.pdf This is an updated version of document #5 from the same author. It’s still about modeling liquid-filled projectiles over flat earth or topography. Derivation and Definition of a Linear Aircraft Model Pages: 6, 35, 55, 102 Nathan’s link: https://www.nasa.gov/centers/dryden/pdf/88104main_H-1391.pdf Link with searchable text: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/19890005752 The searchable document includes blank pages from the original document so the page numbers diverge throughout the document. I will use page numbers based on Nathan’s unsearchable document. This document is modeling aircraft flight. There are many simplifications used to make the calculations more manageable. : The aircraft is assumed to be rigid. This is clearly never the case. Wings flex depending on lift. The body of the plane will twist slightly under different forces. However, these flexes have a nominal impact on the flight so can be ignored. The aircraft is assumed to have a constant mass. Since airplanes use fuel, this is not possible. However, the varying mass doesn’t affect the outcome enough to require inclusion so is ignored. The air is considered to be stationary, that is there is no wind taken into account. We all are aware there is wind, but it is left out of these calculations. The surface of the earth is calculated as if it is flat. Obviously, there is topography over land. This document is, in no way, suggesting hills and mountains don’t exist, they are left out of the calculations for simplicity. This is not making any reference to the earth’s shape as a whole. Pages 7, 8, 24 acknowledge gravity. See note on document #1. General Equations of Motion for a Damaged Asymmetric Aircraft Page: 2 https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20070030307.pdf This document models a damaged aircraft’s flight. Being this is a model many simplifications are assumed. None of these assumed items are being claimes to be true in general: rigid aircraft flat non-rotating earth In contrast to several other aircraft models, this one specifically calculates the changes based on the non-symmetric weight distribution. This is an excellent example of engineering’s ability to isolate things while modeling and apply them to a larger solution. Regular airplane flight models are used in conjunction with the information in this document to provide a broader model of a damaged aircraft. Pages 3, 6, and 7 acknowledge gravity. See note on document #1. Predicted Performance of a Thrust Enhanced SR-71 Aircraft with an External Payload Page: 10 https://www.nasa.gov/centers/dryden/pdf/88507main_H-2179.pdf “The DPS equations of motion use four assumptions that simplify the program while maintaining its fidelity for most maneuvers and applications: point-mass modeling, nonturbulent atmosphere, zero side forces, and a nonrotating Earth.” It seems Nathan didn’t read anything more than just the words “nonrotating Earth”. It’s very clearly stated that these assumptions are to simplify the program. If someone thinks this suggests anything about the shape of the earth, would it also suggest that airplanes are actually point-masses? Would it also suggest there is no turbulence in the atmosphere? No. This is a clear use of Idealization. This is also a clear illustration that Nathan has no idea how engineering is done. Derivation of a Point-Mass Aircraft Model used for Fast-Time Simulation On Nathan’s web page he has the title mislabeled. Page: 7 https://www.mitre.org/sites/default/files/publications/pr_15-1318-derivation-of-point-mass-aircraft-model-used-for-fast-time-simulation.pdf This document describes a model for aircraft flight and testing avionics systems. Here is the quote from page 7: “Assuming a flat, non-rotating Earth, an inertial reference frame N is defined with the n1 axis aligned with east, the n2 axis aligned with north, and the n3 axis pointing up from the Earth.” This is an example of real-world engineering happening. Trade-offs are made in engineering to simplify things and reduce time and costs. Notice in the title of the document where it says “Point-Mass Aircraft”. This means the engineering has simplified all the mass of an airplane into a single point. Is this an admission that airplanes actually have all their mass concentrated in one point? Of course not, this is standard engineering. A Method for Reducing The Sensitivity of Optimal Nonlinear Systems to Parameter Uncertainty Page: 14 https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19710018599.pdfA point-mass vehicle A flat, nonrotating earth A constant-gravity field, g = 9.8 m/sec2 (32.2 ft/sec2) Constant thrust and mass-loss rate A nonlifting body in a nonvarying atmosphere with a constant drag parameter Airplanes are not point masses Thank you for confirming gravity, see note on document #1 Thrust and mass-loss rate is not constant Are airplanes non-lifting bodies? Does the atmosphere not vary? Is drag constant? All engineering tradeoffs that are not true, but used to simplify calculations. Calculation of Wind Compensation for Launching of Unguided Rockets Pages: 8, 10 https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20040008097.pdf “A trajectory simulation incorporating the above requirements is presented in reference 8. In addition to the above requirements, this simulation assumes a vehicle with six degrees of freedom and aerodynamic symmetry in roll and the missile position in space is computed relative to a flat nonrotating earth. This trajectory simulation was programmed on the IEN704 electronic data processing machine and is the basis for all trajectory computations made in this paper.” The IBM 704 Electronic Data-Processing Machine was introduced in 1954. This is a very basic computer by today’s standards. It is severely limited in its processing ability. Aggressive tradeoffs must be taken to enable this computer to do any calculations. Some examples of assumptions made to simplify calculations: In this paper the rocket is assumed to turn instantaneously into the wind so that the vehicle axis is always tangent to the trajectory. These equations, however, are still limited to one plane, and also the same weighting factors in pitch and yaw are assumed. This paper also addresses assumptions taken from previous publications and addresses the errors introduced from these assumptions: It was assumed that the vehicle has roll symmetry although the Recruit rocket motors produce an unsymmetric effect. Page 3 includes the effects due to gravity. See note on document #1. User’s Manual for LINEAR, a FORTRAN Program to Derive Linear Aircraft Models (2768) Page: 16 https://www.nasa.gov/centers/dryden/pdf/88072main_H-1259.pdf “Within the program, the nonlinear equations of motion include 12 states representing a rigid aircraft flying in a stationary atmosphere over a flat nonrotating earth” These are engineering simplifications used to make calculations easier. Other assumptions that are not true include: Rigid aircraft Stationary atmosphere – zero wind Page 8 includes the effects due to gravity. See note on document #1. User’s Manual for LINEAR, a FORTRAN Program to Derive Linear Aircraft Models (2835) Page: 4 https://www.nasa.gov/centers/dryden/pdf/88112main_H-1443.pdf This is an updated user manual for the same program mentioned in #13. Determination of Angles of Attack and Sideslip from Radar Data and a Roll-Stablized Platform Page: 2 https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19720012071.pdf “Equations for angles of attack and sideslip relative to both a rolling and nonrolling body axis system are derived for a flight vehicle for which radar and gyroscopic-attitude data are available. The method is limited, however, to application where a flat, nonrotating earth may be assumed. The gyro considered measures attitude relative to an inertial reference in an Euler angle sequence. In particular, a pitch, yaw, and roll sequence is used as an example in the derivation. Sample calculations based on flight data are presented to illustrate the method. Results obtained with the present gyro method are compared with another technique that uses onboard-camera data.” This specifically states this can only be used for applications where a flat and nonrotating earth may be assumed. There are applications where this cannot be assumed. Page 5 expands on this limitation: “This assumption limits the analysis to short-range, short-duration flights.” Page 8 explicitly states that the earth is rotating and instruments can measure this rotation: “In addition, since a roll-stabilized platform provides a true inertial reference in space, the earth’s rotation will cause readings on the gyro while the vehicle is still on the earth.” Also on page 17: “In addition to these gyro errors, there is an uncertainty of 0.25 deg/min because the earth’s rotation has not been accounted for.” U.S. Standard Atmosphere (1962) https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19630003300.pdf Page 22: “For the accuracy required in this document, it suffices to treat the surface Φ = 0 as an ellipsoid whose flattening (ellipticity) is f = 1-(b/a) = 1/298.32 where b is the semiminor axis, or polar radius.” In Nathan’s cherry-picking exposition he got so excited that he read this sentence without attempting to understand what it meant. The flattening of the earth or its ellipticity refers to the difference of the major and minor semi-axes of a sphere. This is due to the centrifugal force from the earth’s rotation. Further, this document has many mentions and tables concerning gravity. Way too many to list here. See gravity note on Document 1. Notably, starting on page 78 is a table labeled “ACCELERATION DUE TO GRAVITY, SPECIFIC WEIGHT, PRESSURE SCALE HEIGHT, NUMBER DENSITY, PARTICLE SPEED, COLLISION FREQUENCY, MEAN FREE PATH, AND MOLECULAR WEIGHT” Further, this document mentions rotation and centrifugal force due to earth’s rotation: Page 8: “Under the influence of gravitational and centrifugal forces this line OP will bend polewards as it rises except along the axis of rotation of the earth and along an equatorial radius extended.” Page 21: “The force of gravity is the resultant (vector sum) of two forces: (a) the gravitational attraction, in accordance with Newton’s universal law of gravitation, and (b) the centrifugal force, which results from the choice of an earthbound, rotating frame of reference.” Page 21: “The centrifugal potential Φc can be expressed as [equation omitted for brevity] where Ω the angular velocity of the earth and r cos Ψ is the distance, measured perpendicularly to the earth’s axis, from this axis to the point (r,Φ,Ψ;).” Page 22: “The spherical coordinates r, Φ, and Ψ are, respectively, the radial distance from the earth’s center, the longitude, and the geocentric latitude (the angle that the radius vector makes with the equatorial plane of the earth).” Thank you, Nathan, for including this document that admits the earth is a rotating sphere under the influence of gravity. A globe with the necessary ellipticity for a rotating sphere as Newton proved in his Principia. An Aircraft Model for the AIAA Controls Design Challenge Page: 13 https://www.nasa.gov/centers/dryden/pdf/88248main_H-1777.pdf “The nonlinear equations of motion used in this model are general six-degree-of-freedom equations representing the flight dynamics of a rigid aircraft flying in a stationary atmosphere over a flat, nonrotating Earth.” These are engineering simplifications used to make calculations easier. Other assumptions that are not true include: Rigid aircraft Stationary atmosphere – zero wind Page 3 includes the effects due to gravity. See note on document #1. Investigation of Aircraft Landing in Variable Wind Fields Page: 14 https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19790005472.pdf This is th list of assumptions made when doing the analysis: a) The earth is flat and non-rotating. b) The acceleration of gravity, g, is constant (9.8 m/sec2). c) Air density is constant (1.23 kg/m3). d) The airframe is a rigid body. e) The aircraft is constrained to motion in the vertical plane. f) The aircraft has a symmetry plane (the x-z plane). g) The mass of the aircraft is constant. h) Initial flight conditions are for steady-state flight. This are engineering tradeoffs: a) The earth is neither flat nor nonrotating, but the errors due to leaving these out of the calculations is acceptable. b) The acceleration of gravity is not constant, iv varies based on elevation, latitude, and variations in the earth’s composition. However, this acknowledges the effect due to gravity, see note on document #1. c) Air density is not constant. d) Airframes are not rigid. e) Aircraft are free to turn left or right. f) aircraft are not symmetrical g) aircraft mass varies based on fuel consumption or weapons use h) flights are not stead state A Mathematical Model of the CH-53 Page: 25 https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19810003557.pdf “The helicopter equations of motion are given in body axes with respect to a flat, nonrotating Earth. The helicopter is considered a rigid body with mass symmetry about the xh – zh plane. The effects due to the engine angular momentum are neglected.” Another list of engineering simplifications done to ease calculations: flat, nonrotating earth helicopters are rigid bodies mass symmetry engine angular momentum is neglected Page 4 includes the effects due to gravity. See note on document #1. The Development and Validation of a Piloted Simulation of a Helicopter and External Sling Load Pages: 6, 37, 48 https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19790005912.pdf Page 6: “A general set of nonlinear, rigid-body equations of motion for both the helicopter and external load determines the motion of each vehicle with respect to a flat, nonrotating Earth.” Page: 37: “The equations of motion for both the helicopter and the external sling load are developed in body axes with respect to a flat, nonrotating Earth. It is assumed for convenience that each body is rigid and that the xh-zh plane and the xl-xl plane are planes of mass symmetry and that gyroscopic effects of engines are negligible.” See note on Document #19 Page 48: “It consists of a Maltese cross with a 45-m by 45-m border. The terrain is generally flat, and provision is made for variable visibility, variable cloud-base heights, and day, dusk, and night scenes.” Did Nathan just search for “flat” and cite any page that had flat? This is referring to topography. Nathan, you’re lazy. Page 4 includes the effects due to gravity. See note on document #1. Atmospheric Oscillations Page: 13 https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19650015408.pdf “The most one can profitably simplify the problem is to consider an isothermal atmosphere, plane level surfaces, and a nonrotating earth. This case has been handled by Eckart [1960], Lamb [1932], and Hines [l96O]. The simplification is not valid for small effects, but general, large effects m y be described and discussed.” More engineering simplifications. This clearly states there are problems with this simplification. Page: 11: “Eckart [l960]went through a second derivation in which the effect of the earth’s rotation was included.” Oops, Nathan, this admitted the earth rotates. Almost every page mentions gravity. See note on document #1. Stability and Control Estimation Flight Test Results for the SR-71 Aircraft With Externally Mounted Experiments Page: 19 https://www.nasa.gov/centers/dryden/pdf/88733main_H-2465.pdf Page 10-11: “These equations assume a rigid vehicle and a flat, nonrotating Earth. The time rate of change of mass and inertia is assumed negligible. The SR-71 configurations studied herein, like most aircraft, are basically symmetric about the vertical-centerline plane.” These are engineering simplifications: rigid vehicle flat, nonrotating Earth time rate of change of mass and inertia is assumed negligible symmetrical about the vertical-centerline plane Page 2 includes the effects due to gravity. See note on document #1. Flight Testing a V/STOL Aircraft to Identify a Full-Envelope Aerodynamic Model Page: 9 https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19880014378.pdf “For aircraft problems, the state and measurement models together represent the kinematics of a rigid body for describing motion over a flat, nonrotating Earth” These are engineering simplifications: rigid body flat, nonrotating Earth Singular Arc Time-Optimal Climb Trajectory of Aircraft in a Two-Dimensional Wind Field Page: 2 https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20060053337.pdf “In our minimum time-to-climb problem, the aircraft is modeled as a point mass and the flight trajectory is strictly confined in a vertical plane on a non-rotating, flat earth. The change in mass of the aircraft is neglected and the engine thrust vector is assumed to point in the direction of the aircraft velocity vector. In addition, the aircraft is assumed to fly in an atmospheric wind field comprising of both horizontal and vertical components that are altitude-dependent. The horizontal wind component normally comprises a longitudinal and lateral component. We assume that the aircraft motion is symmetric so that the lateral wind component is not included.” This is simply a list of simplifying assumptions to make calculations easier. Point mass aircraft strictly vertical flight trajectory No change in the mass of the aircraft Engine thrust vector points in the direction of aircraft velocity Aircraft motion is symmetric No lateral wind STUDIES ON INSTABILITIES IN LONG-BASELINE TWO-WAY SATELLITE TIME AND FREQUENCY TRANSFER (TWSTFT) INCLUDING A TROPOSPHERE DELAY MODEL Pages: 2, 6 https://tycho.usno.navy.mil/ptti/2007papers/paper21.pdf This link may be broken, use this one: Page 2: “The TDEV shape of the residuals (as depicted in Fig. 2, right hand) is almost flat at a level around 140 ps, and the noise type corresponds to flicker phase noise.” Nathan, local topography does not mean the earth is flat. Searching for the word “flat” and just pasting the page number does not prove flat earth. Page 6: “Two are rough approaches, namely a simple plane troposphere (assuming a flat Earth) and the straight “line of sight” through the spherical troposphere shell [14].” This notes that flat earth is a rough approach. This also notes that the troposphere is a sphere. Thanks, Nathan, for referencing the spherical earth. “In operational TWSTFT, both ground stations and the satellite spin around the rotation axis of the Earth.” Thank you, Nathan, for acknowledging satellites exist and that the Sagnac effect measures the rotation of the earth. Scale-Insensitive Detection Algorithm for FLIR Imagery Page: 6 https://www.arl.army.mil/arlreports/2001/ARL-TN-175.pdf “For example, in some scenarios, it is assumed that the range is known to within one meter from a laser range finder or a digital map. In other scenarios, only the range to the center of the field of view and the depression angle is known, so that a flat-earth approximation provides the best estimate.” This clearly notes that flat-earth is an approximation. User Manual for the Microsoft Window Edition of the Scanning Fast-Field Program (WSCAFFIP) Version 3.0 Page: 45 https://www.arl.army.mil/arlreports/2003/ARL-TR-2696.pdf “This model works over a flat earth and non-turbulent atmosphere. Even with these restrictions, the model performs very well for many scenarios.” This neither claims the atmosphere is non-turbulent nor that the earth is flat. These are engineering simplifications. It also clearly states this is a restriction that performs in a limited number of scenarios. Path-Loss Measurements in a Forested Environment at VHF Pages: 8, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 23, 25, 26, 35 http://www.arl.army.mil/arlreports/2000/ARL-TR-2156.pdf Page 8: “We made multipath measurements to provide confidence in the data and to get an idea of how well our measurements of the clearing represented an ideal flat earth. We measured the path loss at a range of 410m…” This and all the other references are referring to a topographically flat area. In no way is this referring to anything other than a topographically flat limited area. Review of Sound Propagation in the Lower Atmosphere Page: 18, 208 https://apps.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/067880.pdf Page 18: “In most of the topics to be discussed the problem Is to describe the sound field in a region of atmosphere above a flat earth.” This is referring to a topographically flat area. There are other assumptions and simplifications in the document that are also not true but are part of the engineering tradeoffs: “the source is like a point source and has spherical symmetry” “nonlinear effects are ignored” “pressure amplitudes are small in comparison to atmospheric pressure” Page 208 is a citation to a different publication with “flat earth” in the title. How lazy can you get to just find the words “flat earth” without even looking at the context? Nathan, grow up. Beacon Position and Attitude Navigation Aided by a Magnetometer Page: 11 https://www.arl.army.mil/arlreports/2010/ARL-CR-650.pdf “This section summarizes and notates three kinds of coordinate systems. The first is the Earth-fixed coordinate system, which is fixed to the Earth with a flat Earth assumption. Denote X, Y, and Z as the unit vectors pointing in the directions of the X, Y, and Z axes, respectively. Without loss of generality, the X, Y, and Z axes point to forward, right, and down, respectively. The second is the body-fixed coordinate system, with three unit vectors Xb, Yb, and Zb pointing to the Xb, Yb, and Zb axes, respectively.” This is just discussing the coordinate systems. How can you not understand this? Jut like all the rest, there are also engineering trade offs made like assuming rigid airplane bodies. Automatic Target Acquisition of the DEMO III Program Page: 9 http://www.arl.army.mil/arlreports/2002/ARL-TR-2683.pdf “In other scenarios, only the range to the center of the field-of-view and the depression angle is known so that a flat earth approximation provides the best estimate.” It seems Nathan missed the word “approximation” immediately after “flat earth”. Yeah, it’s an approximation that works for some circumstances. Modeling of Atmospheric Effects Page: 13 https://www.arl.army.mil/arlreports/2000/ARL-TR-1812.pdf Nothing apparent on page 13, but page 28 has this: “This model works well over a flat-earth and a non- turbulent atmosphere. In the near future this model will be added to the EOSAEL.” More engineering assumptions: flat-earth non- turbulent atmosphere Neither of these are true, but can be omitted from calculations for simplification. The errors introduced by these simplifications are small and acceptable. Telemetry Standards Page: 172 http://www.irig106.org/docs/106-17/106-17_Telemetry_Standards.pdf “Although the equations for the two-ray model can be rather daunting, in its simplest form, one uses flat-earth trigonometry to compute the difference in path lengths between the direct and reflected signals.” Doing the calculations in it’s simplest form is for a flat earth. This model is later stated to be inadequate: “Since the two-ray model is seldom adequate for predicting path loss over terrain, a wide assortment of models that include the effects of terrain has been developed. These are based on different combinations of assumptions regarding reflection, refraction, diffraction, signal blockage, Fresnel zone impingement, etc., and are available with terrain databases already included.” Approximate Optimal Guidance for the Advanced Launch System Page: 172 https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19940020279.pdf There are not 172 pages in the cited publication. Page 32: “This chapter presents the modelling of motion for the rocket. Included are sections on the properties of the propulsion, aerodynamics, masses, gravity, and the atmosphere. A small expansion parameter, the ratio of the atmospheric scale height to the radius of the Earth, is then used to separate the dynamics into the primary and perturbation effects. Lastly, the equations of motion for the zeroth-order problem of flight in a vacuum over a flat Earth are presented.” Um, gravity? Nathan, read, don’t cherry pick. Do you think this is admitting that airplanes fly in a “vacuum over a flat Earth”? No, this is yet another simplification. Same for page 43, except there even more simplifications listed: vehicle is assumed to be restricted to fly in the equatorial plane lift, thrust, and velocity vectors all lie in the same plane roll angle is eliminated from the equations assumptions of no side force no sideslip Gravity is included in calculations in many places. Pages 20, 32, and 41 reference earths radius. Congratulations, Nathan, you are confirming the earth is a sphere. Flight Simulation Software at NASA Dryden Flight Research Center Pages: 4, 10 https://www.nasa.gov/centers/dryden/pdf/88380main_H-2052.pdf Page 4: “The small simulation staff, large number of projects, and frequent model updates (based on flight results) have driven development of a versatile standard simulation structure. This structure, with both flat- and oblate-Earth versions, has successfully supported more than 50 different aircraft. The software is used in batch-mode, real-time pilot-in-the-loop, and flight hardware-in-the- loop operation.” Seriously, this mentions the oblate earth too. Are you getting lazier in your searches for the word “flat”, Nathan? Page 10: “In most cases, flat-Earth six-degree-of-freedom equations of motion are used. Oblate-Earth equations of motion were developed for the space shuttle simulation and later used in the NASP and follow-on simulation studies. The flat- and oblate-Earth equations of motion use a hybrid axis system that allows forces and moments to be added in the axis systems for which they are commonly computed, thus reducing axis transformations.” Oops, this also references oblate earth equations were used for Space Shuttle modeling. Nathan, you just confirmed the Space Shuttle was modeled using oblate earth equations. Simulator Aero Model Implementation Page: 10 https://www.aviationsystemsdivision.arc.nasa.gov/publications/hitl/rtsim/Toms.pdf “The above three equations, plus the three translational equations comprise the equations of motion for the rigid body aircraft.” “For the flat, non- rotating earth considered here, any fixed frame of reference can be employed as an inertial frame.” More engineering simplifications: rigid body aircraft flat, non- rotating earth Page 19 includes the effects due to gravity. See note on document #1. Design and Implementation of Flight Visual Simulation System Page: 3 https://arxiv.org/pdf/1212.0365.pdf “In this paper, the FVSS is based on two assumptions: a. Flight area is the space above ground level where the rotation of earth and the curvy motion of mass center of earth are neglected. b. Aircraft is an ideal rigid body and influence from aircraft body elastic deformation and rotating parts are not considered.” Engineering tradeoffs: rotation of the earth is neglected This is a clear admission that the earth rotates. Aircraft is an ideal rigid body influence from aircraft body elastic deformation and rotating parts are not considered Page 3 includes the effects due to gravity. See note on document #1. A Discussion of Methods of Real-Time Airplane Flight Simulation Page: 11 http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.510.7499&rep=rep1&type=pdf “Flat-Earth Coordinates. In many flight simulators, global navigation is not important. For example, the range of flight could be limited to a small area, or the simulator might not care about the airplane’s location. In such cases, it is appropriate to model the Earth as a plane half-space rather than an oblate spheroid. Then, the simulator need not worry about how the local horizontal plane changes as the airplane flies around the Earth. This simplifies the bookkeeping in the simulator considerably.” This sections explains the tradeoffs well. Pages 6, 13, and 21 includes the effects due to gravity. See note on document #1. Page 10 references earth’s radius. Yay, the earth is a sphere. Of course, this is not news. The American Practical Navigator: An Epitome of Navigation Pages: 351, 355, 573, 636 http://geocenter.survey.ntua.gr/main/labs/carto/academic/persons/bnakos_site_nafp/documentation/american_practical_navigator.pdf This link sometimes has issues downloading, I had to different times on different days. Here is a direct download of the PDF I was finally able to download: american_practical_navigator Page 351: “For example, when the navigator uses his latitude graduations as a mile scale to compute a great-circle course and distance, he neglects the flattening of the earth at the poles.” Nathan, you can’t just search for “flat” without reading the context. You just admitted the earth is an oblate spheroid. Page 355: “Plane sailing solves problems involving a single course and distance, difference of latitude, and departure, in which the earth is regarded as a plane surface. This method, therefore, provides solution for latitude of the point of arrival, but not for longitude. To calculate the longitude, the spherical sailings are necessary. Do not use this method for distances of more than a few hundred miles.” Again, Nathan, this admits that plane sailing on only accurate for short distances. Thus, evidence for a spherical earth. Page 573: “backshore, n. That part of a beach which is usually dry, being reached only by the highest tides, and by extension, a narrow strip of relatively flat coast bordering the sea. See also FORESHORE.” This is in the glossary defining the word “backshore”. Note that is says “relatively flat”. This is just a small section of flat topography. Again, just searching for the word flat without context doesn’t help you. Stop being lazy. Page 636: This is a section of the glossary, but nothing referencing flat is on this page. However, page 633 has this which he may be intending: “Krassowski ellipsoid of 1938. A reference ellipsoid of which the semi-major axis is 6,378,245 meters and the flattening of ellipticity equals 1/298.3.” This is yet another reference to the ellipsoid shape of the earth. Screen Shot 2020-01-14 at 1.12.42 PMPage 360 has an excellent reference to the earth as a globe. See the embedded image on the right. Page 11: “The earth is an oblate spheroid (a sphere flattened at the poles). Measurements of its dimensions and the amount of its flattening are subjects of geodesy. However, for most navigational purposes, assuming a spherical earth introduces insignificant error. The earth’s axis of rotation is the line connecting the North Pole and the South Pole.” Screen Shot 2020-01-14 at 1.20.41 PM.png Page 620: “gyrocompass, n. A compass having one or more gyroscopes as the directive element, and which is north-seeking. Its operation depends upon four natural phenomena, namely gyroscopic inertia, gyroscopic precession, the earth’s rotation, and gravity. When such a compass controls remote indicators, called GYRO REPEATERS, it is called a master gyrocompass. See also DIRECTIONAL GYRO MODE.” Page 23: “The geoid is that surface to which the oceans would conform over the entire earth if free to adjust to the combined effect of the earth’s mass attraction and the centrifugal force of the earth’s rotation. The ideal ocean surface would be free of ocean currents and salinity changes. Uneven distribution of the earth’s mass makes the geoidal surface irregular.” Page 9: “Satellite navigation uses artificial earth satellites for determination of position.” Page 644: “magnetic pole. 1. Either of the two places on the surface of the earth where the magnetic dip is 90°, that in the Northern Hemisphere be- ing designated north magnetic pole, and that in the Southern Hemisphere being designated south magnetic pole. Also called MAGNETIC DIP POLE. See also MAGNETIC LATITUDE, GEOMAGNETIC POLE, MAGNETIC LATITUDE. 2. Either of those two points of a magnet where the magnetic force is greatest.” This book is full of references to gravity, the earth’s rotation, and the sphericity of the earth. Nathan, you should read it, you could learn a lot. The Production of Firing Tables for Cannon Artillery Pages: 10, 22, 34, 110 https://apps.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/826735.pdf Page 10 does not reference flat or stationary, but does mention “Accelerations due to the rotation of the earth” and “Acceleration due to gravity”. Page 22 same as page 10. Page 34: “Compensation for Rotation of Earth. The final computations to be made in preparation for determining the ballistic coefficient are those to determine the coefficients used in the equations of motion to compensate for the rotation of the earth.” Nathan, are you sure you want to cite this source? Page 110 is just a trajectory chart with a range up to 2km. It is unclear what Nathan means by referencing this page. The following are Nathan’s specific notes on this source: #40 on pages 66 – 68 of 115 references “Rotation of Earth”: 1) Doc #40 does NOT account for curvature of earth 2) Doc #40 represents the “Rotation of Earth” in an equation for “particle theory”, whereby, when the numerical value of zero (0) is plugged in for the variable to account for the alleged rotation it does not negatively impact the rest of the equation and it is able to compute. MCToon response: When firing over land the curvature of the earth is immaterial, the topography is what matters. Plugging in a zero for the rotation of the earth will not cause an error in the equation, however, it will cause the projectile to miss its target. See notes on item #44, for the same rotation admissions. Field Artillery Manual Cannon Gunnery Page: 175, 192 https://armypubs.army.mil/epubs/DR_pubs/DR_a/pdf/web/tc3_09x81.pdf #41, “Field Artillery Manual Cannon Gunnery”, page 48 of 664: “3-55. If a round were fired in a vacuum, gravity would cause the projectile to return to the surface of the earth. The path or trajectory of the projectile would be simple to trace. All projectiles, regardless of size, shape, or weight, would follow paths of the same parabolic shape and would achieve the same range for a given muzzle velocity and quadrant elevation.”Nathan Roberts’s reply: The “parabolic shape” of the trajectory of the bullet is caused by density, not gravity or the alleged curvature of a spherically shaped earth. ————————– Doc #41, “Field Artillery Manual Cannon Gunnery”, page 48 of 664: 3-57. Gravity causes a projectile in flight to fall to the earth. Because of gravity, the height of the projectile at any instant is less than it would be if no such force were acting on it. In a vacuum, the vertical velocity would decrease from the initial velocity to zero on the ascending branch of the trajectory and increase from zero to the initial velocity on the descending branch, Zero vertical velocity would occur at the summit of the trajectory. For every vertical velocity value on the upward leg of the ascending branch there is an equal vertical velocity value downward on the descending branch. Since there would be no resistance to the forward motion of the projectile in a vacuum, the horizontal velocity component would be a constant. The acceleration caused by the force of gravity (9.81 m/s) affects only the vertical velocity.”Nathan Roberts’s reply: Gravity is an unproven theory, buoyancy is proven. Bullets fall because they are heavier than the medium they are within, that being the air. ————————– Doc #41, “Field Artillery Manual Cannon Gunnery”, page 49 of 664: “The standard (chart) range is the range opposite a given elevation in the firing tables. It is assumed to have been measured along the surface of a sphere concentric with the earth and passing through the muzzle of a weapon. For all practical purposes, standard range is the horizontal distance from the origin of the trajectory to the level point.”Nathan Roberts’s reply: IF “It is assumed to have been measured along the surface of a sphere concentric with the earth”, then why in the very next sentence does it state “For all practical purposes, standard range is the horizontal distance from the origin of the trajectory to the level point.” ————————– Doc #41, “Field Artillery Manual Cannon Gunnery”, page 51 of 664: “Deflection effects. Some of the deviations from the standard conditions affecting deflection are: * Drift. * Crosswind. * Rotation of the earth.”Nathan Roberts’s reply: On page 192, “Rotation of the earth” is established as an “unproven theory”, which holds zero bearing in reality. ————————– Doc #41, “Field Artillery Manual Cannon Gunnery”, page 132 of 664: 5-36. The third condition is valid met corrections considered by each of the firing platoons. This includes the met message valid for the firing platoon, propellant temperature, projectile weight, vertical interval, and corrections for earth rotation.Nathan Roberts’s reply: On page 192, “Rotation of the earth” is established as an “unproven theory”, which holds zero bearing in reality. ————————– Doc #41, “Field Artillery Manual Cannon Gunnery”, page 186 of 664: “Range (Column 1). This is the distance measured from the muzzle to the target on the surface of a sphere concentric with the earth. When chart range is used as the entry argument for this table, it is expressed to the nearest 10 meters and interpolation is necessary.”Nathan Roberts’s reply: The same response given to “sphere concentric with earth” mentioned on page 49 applies here too. MCToon response: Earth’s rotation is a scientific fact. It has been measured in many ways: See here for several measurements of earth’s rotation. Gravity is not an “unproven theory”. Gravity is a law of nature. It is properly called the Law of Gravitational Attraction. See here for several direct measurements of gravity. The radius of the earth is not unproven, it is a scientific fact. See here for rigorous and detailed measurements of the earth’s radius. Field Artillery Gunnery http://militarynewbie.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/FM-3-09.8-FIELD-ARTILLERY-GUNNERY.pdf It is unclear why Nathan included this document as he did not include a reference to any page and searching does not indicate anything about flat or stationary earth. Page 39 does acknowledge the earth is a sphere: “The distance measured on the surface of a sphere concentric with the earth from the muzzle to a target at the level point.” Thanks, Nathan. TTP for the Field Artillery Cannon Gunnery https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/library/policy/usmc/mcwp/3-16-3/mcwp3-16-3.pdf Similar to #42. it is unclear what Nathan is referencing to in this document. Page 94 does admit that there are satellites in orbit around the earth for the Global Positioning System: “The satellite constellation. Ensures worldwide coverage with a minimum of four satellites within electronic line of sight to any point on the earth.” Thanks, Nathan. See notes on item #44, for the same rotation admissions. Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures for the field artillery Manual Cannon Gunnery https://www.marines.mil/Portals/1/Publications/mcwp3_16_4.pdf Nathan doesn’t specifically state what page he is referring to. It seems apparent he is referring to pages 4 and 129 where it says “NO ROTATION OF THE EARTH”. This is included in a list of “standard conditions” used to determine the firing solution for artillery: Air Temperatur: 59°F Air Density 100 percent (1,225 gm/m^2) No wind Gun, target, and MDP at same altitude MDP is “meteorological datum plane” Accurate range No rotation of the earth Standard weapon, projectile, and fuze Propellent temperature (70°F) Firing table muzzle velocity No drift. It is clear to anyone that these conditions are never true. These are simply the starting point for calculating the firing solution. The pages following this chart include how to include corrections for each of the items listed on this list. Page 208 gives instructions to include adjustments for the rotation of the earth: Screen Shot 2020-01-14 at 2.24.45 PM“Table H is used in the solution of concurrent and subsequent met. The extracted value is the correction to range in meters for the rotation of the earth at 0° latitude. A correction for any other latitude is extracted from the small table at the bottom of Table H and is multiplied by the correction from the table. The asterisks extending across the table denote the changeover point from low-angle to high-angle fire.” Screen Shot 2020-01-14 at 2.24.57 PM“Table I is used in the solution of concurrent and subsequent met. There are tables for every 10° latitude starting from 0° north or south latitude to 70° north or south latitude. The extracted value is the correction to deflection in mils, for the rotation of the earth. The asterisks extending across the table denote the changeover point from low-angle to high-angle free.” The list of standard conditions is the starting point of items that exist and must be added in to correctly produce a firing solution. This is a clear indication that rotation exists. Flight has been modeled over a spherical earth: https://www.math.hmc.edu/~dyong/math164/2008/zitter/finalreport.pdf WHY THEY DONT SHOW US THE REAL MAP https://rumble.com/v2kfgx2-why-they-dont-show-us-the-real-map.html Flat Earth 240 Flat Earth Bible Verses https://shakingmyheadproductions.com/240-flat-earth-bible-verses?fbclid=IwAR2q00V9wRUuKAx75_hXW7z-vY5CElXDtSJIb42Bfs--xkxkGVnPwkVO2Ag https://flatearthanswers.com/the-firmament/ 1958 Encyclopedia Admits: They Found the Dome https://thephaser.com/2021/08/1958-encyclopedia-admits-they-found-the-dome/ 1958 encyclopedia admits they found the dome https://lorphicweb.com/1958-encyclopedia-admits-they-found-the-dome/ 1958 encyclopedia admits they found the Flat Earths dome https://rumble.com/vwfgxz-1958-encyclopedia-admits-they-found-the-dome.html comment on previous video LIVIN247 1 year ago I used to work inside the artic circle.Summertime the sun just wobbles between 11 and 1 o'clock all day and night in the summer time night or day. 24 hours of sun for a couple of months. When I would fly home 4000 miles away. I experienced sunrises and sunsets. Day and night? Winter was the absence of sun totally opposite. I have no way to explain it. This is my real world experienced. Most people have not been to the artic to be able to make this contrast. LEVEL Documentary https://rumble.com/vm040h-level-documentary.html Mind control to major tom https://rumble.com/vk2lou-mind-control-to-major-tom..html SCIENTISM EXPOSED Full Documentary 2016 HD https://rumble.com/vv3ygm-scientism-exposed-full-documentary-2016-hd.html FLAT EARTH Clues Part 7 - Long Haul - Mark Sargent https://rumble.com/vm04vt-flat-earth-clues-part-7-long-haul-mark-sargent.html Nathan Roberts government documents https://mctoon.net/govdocs/ Official Government Documents Verify That the Earth is Flat https://greatmountainpublishing.com/2022/05/11/official-government-documents-verify-that-the-earth-is-flat/

World War I officially began on June 28th, 1914 when members of the Illuminati Black Hand secret society assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand. Europe quickly polarized and warred for nearly a year before Americans were given their false-flag reason to join. On May 1st, 1915 the British Naval cruiser “Lusitania” was scheduled for Liverpool, taking off from New York harbor loaded with 600 tons of explosives, 6 million rounds of ammunition, 1,248 cases of shrapnel shells, other war materials, and last but not least – American passengers. The German embassy in D.C. was fully aware of the war materials being shipped into England on the Lusitania and tried to warn American travelers. German embassy officials attempted to place full-page ads in 50 U.S. newspapers reading: “Notice! Travelers intending to embark on the Atlantic voyage are reminded that a state of war exists between Germany and her allies and Great Britain and her allies … travelers sailing in the war zone on ships of Great Britain … do so at their own risk.” Due to actions taken by the U.S. State Department, 49 of those 50 newspapers never ran the ad... The following presentation "The Lusitania and WWI" was taken from a chapter in my book "The Atlantean Conspiracy" available here: http://www.lulu.com/spotlight/ericdubay Get Connected With Me: Website: http://www.EricDubay.com Blog: http://www.AtlanteanConspiracy.com Forum: http://www.IFERS.123.st Books: http://www.lulu.com/spotlight/ericdubay Facebook: https://web.facebook.com/groups/edfes/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/ericdubaz/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/ericdubay SoundCloud: https://soundcloud.com/eric-dubay/ Mewe: https://mewe.com/i/ericdubay Minds: https://www.minds.com/EricDubay Gab: https://gab.ai/Eric-Dubay Goodreads: https://www.goodreads.com/ericdubay YouTube: http://www.youtube.com/c/flateartheric Odysee: https://odysee.com/@EricDubay:c BitChute: https://www.bitchute.com/channel/TCgwKoAf3Y9z/ BrandNewTube: https://brandnewtube.com/@EricDubay Real Truthseekers: https://real-truth-seekers.com/@ericdubay Rokfin: https://rokfin.com/EricDubay Rumble: https://rumble.com/c/c-1286253 Dollar Vigilante: https://dollarvigilante.tv/c/eric.dubay/videos Telegram: t.me/flatearthericdubay Email: ericdubaynewsletter@protonmail.com

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Jacob and Dave both put their money where their mouth is. If Jacob can prove to Dave that the Earth is a Globe, then Dave pays Jacob 3 Bitcoins. If Dave can prove to Jacob that the Earth is indeed flat, Jacob must get a flat earth tattoo. Who will win in the battle for the shape of the Earth! Get the app! Learn the TRUTH! More info found at https://www.FlatEarthDave.com To book Flat Earth Dave on your show click the link at the top. Do you want the red pill or the blue pill? The choice is yours. If you want to know the truth about our flat world, watch these videos in order and there will be no turning back. https://tinyurl.com/FECrashCourse-B We live in a world of lies pushed on us by the upper levels of the world controllers. It is easier to lie to someone than to convince them they have been lied to especially when they are unknowingly addicted to the fear. If the FOUNDATION of your world belief is that you are on a spinning water globe pear rocket flying through an infinite space vacuum, then you will not know WHO you are, WHERE you are and WHAT you truly are. You will be lost and feel insignificant not KNOWING that you are at the center of creation rather than on a speck of dust in an ever expanding universe. With that belief you can be convince of anything. To wake up you MUST start with the foundation of your world and from there you can see beyond the imaginary curve. The FLAT EARTH SUN, MOON & ZODIAC CLOCK app is the best tool for discovering flat earth and introducing it to friends and family. It visually shows how the sky is a perfect clock and brings you the latest google censored flat earth content. The FAQ page will answer all your questions on how and why flat earth is hidden. Got a reason you think Flat Earth is impossible, we have an answer that you haven't thought of yet. Take the FE Clock challenge. Watch the featured video every day for 2 weeks and see what happens. Just search "Flat Earth Clock" by Blue Water Bay in Google Play or the Apple App Store. It will be the best $2.99 you've ever invested. Avoid the knock off apps on Google Play, they are FREE and still NOT worth the price. Download and check it out today! Apple: https://tinyurl.com/FEiOSapp Android: https://tinyurl.com/FEdroidApp Both: https://qrco.de/bbizVA Support this channel and FLAT EARTH awareness: https://www.patreon.com/DITRH For one time donations: PayPal.me/DITRH Venmo: dtweiss FaceBook. https://www.facebook.com/TheFlatEarthPodcast Brighteon: https://brighteon.com/channels/ditrhinterviews BitChute: https://bitchute.com/ditrhinterviews Brighteon: https://brighteon.com/channels/ditrh BitChute: https://bitchute.com/ditrh Rumble: https://rumble.com/DITRHinterviews Brighteon: https://tinyurl.com/DITRHiBlist Instagram: @Theflatearthpodcast Web3: https://flatearthdave.tv MEDIA INQUIRES: https://www.theflatearthpodcast.com/book-dave-for-an-interview/ If you are a show host and think Flat Earth is stupid and impossible, let's do a Q&A on your channel. science, technology, geology, astronomy, physics, education