Geez show

The Pre-Aksumite of Daamat was the first known Ethiopian kingdom that reigned in Tigray from its capital Yeha, Tigray and present-day Eritrea during the 10th and 5th Century BC. Its other administrative places included MATARA and QOHAITO in present-day Eritrea. It was the precursor to the great Axumite civilization. It is considered as one of the few birthplaces of Human Civilization. It is where human race all began and it is where Ethiopian history started to be succeeded by the great Aksumite Empire. Geez was the official language of the well-developed Daamat civilization. It was a well-flourished trading Empire that utilized irrigations, plows, grew millet, made iron tools and weapons and traded gold, silver and ivory with South Arabian merchants The Great Aksumite Kingdom was the successor to the Daamat kingdom and reigned in Tigray, Eritrean highlands, and much of present day central Ethiopia from 100 BC to 940 AD from its center in the city of Aksum, in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. Its official language was Geez and it created its own alphabet, the Geez Alphabet and numbers, Africa’s only indigenous written script and numbering system. It had minted its own currencies/coins bearing the effigies of the Aksumite Emperors, the fist in Africa and among the few in the World. It created its own indigenous calendar. Its port was the bustling ADULIS through which it was producing and doing import and export trading of salt, gold, iron ore, wheat, barley, ivory, rhino horns, emeralds, incense and silk spices. St. YARED OF AKSUM, the legendary Tigraway/ Ethiopian spiritual musical composer, scholar, pioneer of musical notation, choreographer and poet, who lived in Axum city in the 6th Century AD, invented the sacred music tradition of the Ethiopian and Eritrean Orthodox Churches and Ethiopia’s system of musical notation. He is responsible for creating Zema/ chants of traditional especially of Ethiopian and Eritreans Tewahedo Orthodox Churches. It constructed numerous great obelisks the most famous of which was the obelisk of Aksum. At its height, Axumite Empire was the dominant trading nation in the Red Sea and a major naval power that reigned over most of modern day Ethiopia and Eritrea, Western Yemen and Sudan. Even the South Arabian kingdom of the Himyarites across the Red Sea in todays Yemen came under the sovereignty of Aksumite Kingdom in the early 6th Century during the reign of EMPEROR KALEB and the famous GENERAL ABREHA (C.500-534) to protect Christians from persecutions. It was a major naval and trading nation/power that served as a link between the Mediterranean and Asian Worlds and considered as one of the four greatest Empires in the World at that time besides Roman, Persian and Chinese Empires. Aksum was the melting pot of all three major religions, Christianity, Judaism and later on Islam. Advertisement It was through Aksum that all three religions were first introduced to and spread to the rest of Ethiopia and the first to practice all three in Africa. While Christianity and Islam came during the reigns of KING EZANA (3rd Century) and KING NEGASH (6th Century) respectively, it is not exactly known that of Judaism. The ZION SAINT MARY's CHURCH of Aksum is the very root and spiritual nucleus of the Ethiopian and Eritrean Orthodox churches and the custodian of the most holy of Christian relics, “THE ARK OF THE COVENANT” where God was believed to have delivered the Ten Commandments to humanity. The great Axumite civilization with its hundredth of successive emperors was the origin of the SOLOMONIC DYNASTY in Ethiopia and the precursor to the historical Abyssinia of the Middle ages and modern day Ethiopia. It was also the genesis of government establishments in Ethiopia. During these two great civilizations of Daamat and Aksumite Kingdoms, present day Eritrea was always an integral part and parcel of both kingdoms. As evidenced in above-mentioned historical records, just to mention a few of Tigray’s numerous invaluable gifts to Ethiopia: Geez language Geez Alphabet Geez Numerical Original version of Ethiopia's Tri-color national flag Initial designation of the country as Ethiopia albeit unofficially Own currency/ coin Own calendar Ethiopian & Eritrean orthodox churches' spiritual music and notation system including Zema Great obelisks Origin/gateway of Christianity, Islam and Judaism Home to the original holy Christian tablet of ‘the Ark of The Covenant” The origin of Solomonic dynasty and governance structure in Ethiopia

The Pre-Aksumite of Daamat was the first known Ethiopian kingdom that reigned in Tigray from its capital Yeha, Tigray and present-day Eritrea during the 10th and 5th Century BC. Its other administrative places included MATARA and QOHAITO in present-day Eritrea. It was the precursor to the great Axumite civilization. It is considered as one of the few birthplaces of Human Civilization. It is where human race all began and it is where Ethiopian history started to be succeeded by the great Aksumite Empire. Geez was the official language of the well-developed Daamat civilization. It was a well-flourished trading Empire that utilized irrigations, plows, grew millet, made iron tools and weapons and traded gold, silver and ivory with South Arabian merchants The Great Aksumite Kingdom was the successor to the Daamat kingdom and reigned in Tigray, Eritrean highlands, and much of present day central Ethiopia from 100 BC to 940 AD from its center in the city of Aksum, in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. Its official language was Geez and it created its own alphabet, the Geez Alphabet and numbers, Africa’s only indigenous written script and numbering system. It had minted its own currencies/coins bearing the effigies of the Aksumite Emperors, the fist in Africa and among the few in the World. It created its own indigenous calendar. Its port was the bustling ADULIS through which it was producing and doing import and export trading of salt, gold, iron ore, wheat, barley, ivory, rhino horns, emeralds, incense and silk spices. St. YARED OF AKSUM, the legendary Tigraway/ Ethiopian spiritual musical composer, scholar, pioneer of musical notation, choreographer and poet, who lived in Axum city in the 6th Century AD, invented the sacred music tradition of the Ethiopian and Eritrean Orthodox Churches and Ethiopia’s system of musical notation. He is responsible for creating Zema/ chants of traditional especially of Ethiopian and Eritreans Tewahedo Orthodox Churches. It constructed numerous great obelisks the most famous of which was the obelisk of Aksum. At its height, Axumite Empire was the dominant trading nation in the Red Sea and a major naval power that reigned over most of modern day Ethiopia and Eritrea, Western Yemen and Sudan. Even the South Arabian kingdom of the Himyarites across the Red Sea in todays Yemen came under the sovereignty of Aksumite Kingdom in the early 6th Century during the reign of EMPEROR KALEB and the famous GENERAL ABREHA (C.500-534) to protect Christians from persecutions. It was a major naval and trading nation/power that served as a link between the Mediterranean and Asian Worlds and considered as one of the four greatest Empires in the World at that time besides Roman, Persian and Chinese Empires. Aksum was the melting pot of all three major religions, Christianity, Judaism and later on Islam. Advertisement It was through Aksum that all three religions were first introduced to and spread to the rest of Ethiopia and the first to practice all three in Africa. While Christianity and Islam came during the reigns of KING EZANA (3rd Century) and KING NEGASH (6th Century) respectively, it is not exactly known that of Judaism. The ZION SAINT MARY's CHURCH of Aksum is the very root and spiritual nucleus of the Ethiopian and Eritrean Orthodox churches and the custodian of the most holy of Christian relics, “THE ARK OF THE COVENANT” where God was believed to have delivered the Ten Commandments to humanity. The great Axumite civilization with its hundredth of successive emperors was the origin of the SOLOMONIC DYNASTY in Ethiopia and the precursor to the historical Abyssinia of the Middle ages and modern day Ethiopia. It was also the genesis of government establishments in Ethiopia. During these two great civilizations of Daamat and Aksumite Kingdoms, present day Eritrea was always an integral part and parcel of both kingdoms. As evidenced in above-mentioned historical records, just to mention a few of Tigray’s numerous invaluable gifts to Ethiopia: Geez language Geez Alphabet Geez Numerical Original version of Ethiopia's Tri-color national flag Initial designation of the country as Ethiopia albeit unofficially Own currency/ coin Own calendar Ethiopian & Eritrean orthodox churches' spiritual music and notation system including Zema Great obelisks Origin/gateway of Christianity, Islam and Judaism Home to the original holy Christian tablet of ‘the Ark of The Covenant” The origin of Solomonic dynasty and governance structure in Ethiopia

Timecodes 0:00 - Intro 0:52 - Scissor Jumps 1:52 - Burpee & Tuck 2:53 - Shuffle & Side Lunge 3:53 - Crossover Knee to Elbow 4:54 - Reverse Crunch 5:54 - Single Leg Jumping Jack 6:55 - Jump Rope 7:55 - Jump Rope Shuffle 8:56 - Alt. Tuck and Leg Raises 9:57 - Flat Sit Up with Leg Raises 10:59 - V-Sit Toe Touches 12:04 - Plank Hold

0:12 jumping jacks 1:14 high knees + butt kicks 2:16 sumo pop jack 3:17 squat + alternating leg lift

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The Tigray Defense Forces (TDF) are an apolitical military organization that came into existence following the genocidal war waged byEthiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed in collaboration with Amhara regional forces and the Eritrean government in November 2020. Most recently, the TDF have been referred to as Tigray’s Armed Forces. The TDF have been protecting Tigrayans from genocidal actors throughout the war on Tigray. Tigrayans from different walks of life and professions have joined the TDF to put a stop to the atrocities committed on Tigrayans during the genocidal war. Farmers, business owners, doctors, teachers, professors, college students, and survivors of the violence are a few examples of those who have joined the TDF to protect the people of Tigray in what is an existential battle. Contrary to some misconceptions about the TDF, the organization is not affiliated with any political organization inTigray. In fact, many of the Tigrayan party leaders that ran against the Tigray People’s Liberation Front (TPLF) duringTigray’s 2020 elections joined the TDF soon after realizing the intent behind the war waged on Tigray in November 2020. Prior to the war, Tigray had its own special forces that worked to maintain peace and order in the region. The Ethiopian constitution allows regional states to have special forces. Almost all of Ethiopia’s regional states have special forces, as peace and security are a shared responsibility between the federal and regional state governments per the Ethiopian constitution.

Tigrai is the land of the Sabeans, that had been successfully inhabited since the Stone Age. It is the owner of Da'amat and Axumite Kingdoms. From erecting one of the largest structures in the world to curving the most inaccessible cliff-top rock churches, Tigrai has invented its own unique letters, numbers, and calendar. In addition to its wonderful history, Tigrai is known for its gold, honey, and animals. Tigrai, best described as the open-air museum, is an ancient state in the Horn of Africa. It is situated between 12°–15° N and 36° 30\’ – 40° 30′ E and comprises 53,638 square kilometers (20,710 sq mi). Tigrai’s official language is Tigrigna. Tigray has more than 5.5 million inhabitants. The greatest part of the population (more than 80%) is agriculturalists, contributing 46% to the state’s gross domestic product (2002/03). The highlands (11.5% Degua, 40.5% weyna Degua) have the highest population density, especially in eastern and central Tigrai. The much less densely populated lowlands of Tigrai (Qolla) comprise 48% of Tigrai. Tigray is bordered by Eritrea to the north, Sudan to the west, Amhara and Afar regions of Ethiopia to the south, and the east and southeast respectively. Tigrai has been home to successive waves of civilizations through the millennia. Each has left its own footprints by erecting monuments, building palaces and temples, curving rock churches, writing stone and skin inscriptions, inventing unique language with its own alphanumeric writing, and so on. Temples, elaborate palaces, great stone stelae, magnificent tombs, and early churches and mosques stand as testimony to the ebb and flow of humanity in the region. They are set against an extraordinary biblical landscape in which the life led by the people has much that is timeless creating wonders and triggering questions to tourists from around the world.

Ethiopia’s rich and unique artistic heritage is the product of a series of transcontinental cultural exchanges whose beginnings can be traced back as far as the late first millennium B.C. At this time, South Arabian immigrants began to arrive in the Ethiopian highlands from across the Red Sea, bringing with them a belief in diverse gods, a system of writing, and a tradition of monumental stone building that would profoundly influence the region’s architectural and religious traditions. The most famous early manifestation of this influence still extant is the 60 x 50–foot stone structure at Yeha in modern-day northern Ethiopia, estimated to have been constructed around the fifth or fourth century B.C. Possibly once a temple to a South Arabian deity, this rectangular building was constructed from ten-foot sandstone blocks fitted together without the use of mortar. Located approximately 30 miles southwest of Yeha, the fertile Hatsebo plain where Aksumite civilization originated began to be populated in the fourth to third centuries B.C., developing into a kingdom between the mid-second century B.C. and the mid-second century A.D. Aksum (Axum) is perhaps most renowned internationally for its enormous monolithic stelae, erected during the third and fourth centuries A.D. as funerary markers for deceased members of its elite. To the faithful of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church, it is the place where the Ark of the Covenant was brought by Menelik I, son of the Queen of Sheba and King Solomon of Israel, as detailed in the thirteenth-century Kebra Negast, “The Book of the Glory of Kings.”