The Origin of the Albino Oscar Fish

Oscar fish with the Latin name Astronotus ocellatus is one type of freshwater ornamental fish that is widely kept in aquariums. Although popular in Indonesia, it turns out that this fish comes from the Amazon river area, Brazil, South America.
Fish that are still included in the Cichlid family have an aggressive character or nature so they cannot be combined with other ornamental fish in the same aquarium. This fish preys on other fish with a smaller size, as well as crabs, shrimp, or crickets
Even though it is a favorite choice of other ornamental fish, when compared to goldfish or betta fish, the popularity of Oscar fish is still below it. This is related to the price and how to care for Oscars, which are not as easy as local ornamental fish.

Oscar fish can grow up to 40 cm and weigh up to 3 kilograms. If fed and cared for in the right way, Oscar fish can live up to 14 years, making them suitable for long-term pet ornamental fish.

Taxonomy
This fish has a beautiful, unique, and beautiful appearance. On the body there is a mottled pattern so it is suitable to decorate the aquarium. The following is the scientific classification of Oscar fish, namely:

Kingdom = Animalia
Filum = Chordata
Kelas = Pisces
Sub kelas = Osteichthyes
Ordo = Percamerphi
Famili = Cichlidae
Genus = Astronotus
Spesies = Astronotus ocellatus

Morphology
Oscar fish structure can be divided into several parts, namely caput, truncus, and caudal. Its entire body is protected by ctenoid-type scales of varying color. This fish has a linea lateralis shaped straight back with a locomotion in the form of fins.

The fins or pinna of Oscar fish are located in several parts, including the dorsal, pectoral, ventral, anal, to caudal parts. Discussing the caudal, Oscar fish is included in the protocercal type because it has a blunt caudal shape.

This fish breathes using gills like most other types of fish. The gills are protected by the operculum. Mouth type terminal or located between the dorsal and ventral on the anterior. Oscar fish have an anus as a means of removing waste and unwanted substances from the body.

Features & Characteristics
Many people say that Oscar fish have a very attractive body shape and color. Most of the species are black with reddish yellow motifs. Generally, this fish is dark in color with yellow spots in the form of rings or ocelli on the caudal peduncle and dorsal fin.

Oscar fish have the ability to change color quickly. This is one of the characters that supports territorial behavior between individuals of the same kind. Basically, juvenile Oscars have a different body color from adult Oscars. On the body of the juvenile Oscar there are stripes with wavy white and orange bands all over the body to the head.

Habitat & Distribution
As previously explained, Oscar fish are native to the Amazon waters, just like the arapaima and piranhas. In addition, this fish is also found around the Rio Paraguay, Parana, and Rio Negro areas. However, almost all types of Oscar fish sold in the market today are cultivated fish and it is certainly difficult to find native caught species from their habitat.

Oscar fish live in rivers where the water is acidic, however this fish is very tolerant of all kinds of water conditions. In their natural habitat or aquarium, these fish require water temperatures between 26o to 25o Celsius to live optimally.

If you are interested in keeping these fish, then you should set up an aquarium with a deep sand bottom along with some large rocks. But in the wild, the most suitable habitat for Oscar fish is stagnant lake waters or waters with a non-rocky bottom.

Tips for Caring for Oscar Fish
Some people think that maintaining and caring for Oscar fish in an aquarium is not as easy as imagined. But also not too difficult to do if we are really careful.

The main factor that determines the success rate of raising Oscar fish is the quality of the water in the aquarium. There are several tips that we can apply to caring for Oscar fish, including:

1. Prepare the Aquarium
The first tip we need to know is aquarium preparation. Ideally, prepare a large aquarium, which can accommodate approximately 40 to 45 liters of water.

The need for a lot of water is in accordance with the growth of fish which can reach 40 cm and their movements are very active and aggressive. If the aquarium provided is too small, the fish will easily stress and hinder their movement.

2. Water Quality and Temperature
Water is the main medium in Oscar fish care. If the water used is of good quality, the fish can grow healthily and perfectly. Don't forget to always keep the aquarium water temperature stable around 23o to 27o Celsius with a pH ranging from 6 to 8.

Water quality and temperature must really be considered because Oscar fish are sensitive to changes in temperature or increased levels of ammonia.

3. Aquarium Placement
It's best to place the aquarium in a place where there is sunlight because light is needed by Oscar fish to grow and develop. However, do not place the aquarium in direct sunlight to avoid an increase in water temperature.

4. Keeping the Water Clean
We recommend that you clean the aquarium water with the help of a condenser that is able to recycle 10 to 15 percent of water every week. This is so that the aquarium is free from dirt so that the fish are healthier and more comfortable living in it.

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