PCOS / PCOD - Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Symptoms, Causes, And its Treatment

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome or PCOS is a hormonal condition common among women of reproductive age. PCOS is a “syndrome,” or group of symptoms that affects the ovaries and ovulation and other factors like cysts in the ovaries, higher level of male hormones or estrogen, and irregular or skipped menstrual period.

The exact causes of PCOS are unknown, but it has been linked to genetic conditions, excessive production of androgen and/or insulin, obesity, and low-grade inflammation.
The most common PCOS symptoms include: 1. Irregular periods
2. Acne
3. Excessive body hair growth
4. Female pattern baldness
5. Weight changes

Consult a doctor immediately to seek treatment if you have any or all symptoms.

Seeking medical guidance is important since a patient might experience PCOS effects for life. It can lead to infertility, type 2 diabetes, heart diseases, cholesterol abnormalities, and increases the risk of endometrial cancer.

There are no tests that can be used for PCOS diagnosis. It is done by taking a thorough medical history of the patient with notes regarding irregular menstrual period, weight changes, etc. The doctor may request a blood test, pelvic exam, or pelvic ultrasound as well to confirm the diagnosis.

Physicians always recommend the patient to undergo lifestyle changes in order to manage the side effects of PCOS. In addition, they may prescribe medications like hormonal birth control, anti-androgens, or fertility medicines. Further PCOS treatment can be provided through surgery or laparoscopic ovarian drilling.