Elon Musk Is Lying About SpaceX & Shocked NASA Admits They Never Went To The Moon

Yes Elon Musk Is Lying To All The American People Right Now Today About SpaceX & Shocked NASA Admits They Never Went To The Moon And 60 Plus Years The Greatest Deception Of Our Time... Wow ! So The Melting Points of Metals Like A Satellite Hoax or A Tesla Electric Vehicles ? Elon Musk on SpaceX Lies. Based on the provided search results, here’s a comprehensive analysis of the claims and facts related to Elon Musk and SpaceX: 340 miles high: According to EarthSky (September 27, 2022), Starlink satellites orbit at an altitude of 340 miles (550 km). This is a verified fact, as Starlink is a real satellite constellation developed by SpaceX.

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The Earth has a number of layers of atmosphere which are listed below.

Troposphere: 0 to 11 km (0 to 7 miles)
Stratosphere: 11 to 50 km (7 to 31 miles)
Mesosphere: 50 to 80 km (31 to 50 miles)
Thermosphere: 80 to 700 km (50 to 440 miles)
Exosphere: 700 to 10,000 km (440 to 6,200 miles)
Commercial aircraft typically fly in the Troposphere and Stratosphere.

Elon Musk Is Lying About SpaceX All 6,000 Starlink Satellites Are Gone ? And Have Passed The Melting Points Long Time Ago Now ?... At this altitude 340 miles, the temperature increases with altitude due to absorption of highly energetic solar radiation, reaching as high as 2,000 °C (3,630 °F) or more.

Metals are known for their ability to withstand extreme conditions. Heavy loads, nonstop cycling, high impact, caustic environments and even high temperatures. Furnaces, combustion engines, jet engines, ignition nozzles, high-speed machinery, and exhaust systems are consistently subjected to temperatures that can cause certain metal types to melt. When selecting a metal for a high temperature application, several different temperature points need to be evaluated, and one of the most critical temperatures to know is the melting temperature of the metal.

What is the Melting Temperature of Metals?
A metal’s melting temperature, more scientifically known as the melting point, is the temperature that a metal begins to transform from a solid phase into a liquid phase. At the melting temperature, the solid phase and liquid phase of a metal exist in equilibrium. Once this temperature is achieved, heat can be continuously added to the metal, however this will not raise the overall temperature. Once the metal is completely in the liquid phase, additional heat will again continue to raise the temperature of the metal.

Why is the Metal Melting Temperature Important?
There are many important temperatures that a metal reaches as it is heated through either a metalworking process or as a result of the application, but the melting temperature of a metal is one of the most important.

One reason the melting temperature is so important is because of the component failure that can occur once a metal reaches its melting temperature. Metal failure may happen before the melting point, but when a metal reaches its melting temperature and begins to become a liquid, it will no longer serve its intended purpose. For instance, if a furnace component begins to melt, the furnace will no longer function if the component is important enough. If a jet engine fuel nozzle melts, the orifices will clog and may render the engine useless. It is important to note that other types of metal failure such as creep-induced fractures may occur well before the melting temperature is reached, and research needs to be done beforehand on the effect of the various temperatures to which a metal will be subjected.

Another reason why the melting temperature of a metal is so important is that metals are most formable when they are liquid. Metals are heated to their melting temperatures for many different manufacturing processes. Smelting, fusion welding, and casting all require metals to be liquids in order to be performed. When performing a manufacturing process where the metal is going to be melted, it is important to know the temperature at which that will happen so that the appropriate materials for the equipment being used can be selected. For instance, a welding gun must be able to withstand the ambient heat of an electrical arc and molten metal. Casting equipment such as dies must have a higher melting temperature than the metal being cast.
Melting Temperatures of Common Metals
These are the melting temperatures of common metal types:
Aluminum: 660°C (1220°F)
Brass: 930°C (1710°F)
Aluminum Bronze*: 1027-1038°C (1881-1900°F)
Chromium: 1860°C (3380°F)
Copper: 1084°C (1983°F)
Gold: 1063°C (1945°F)
Inconel*: 1390-1425°C (2540-2600°F)
Cast Iron: 1204°C (2200°F)
Lead: 328°C (622°F)
Molybdenum: 2620°C (4748°F)
Nickel: 1453°C (2647°F)
Platinum: 1770°C (3218°F)
Silver: 961°C (1762°F)
Carbon Steel*: 1425-1540°C (2597-2800°F)
Stainless Steel*: 1375 – 1530°C (2500-2785°F)
Titanium: 1670°C (3038°F)
Tungsten: 3400°C (6152°F)
Zinc: 420°C (787°F)
*Alloys have more than one element, therefore their melting temperature is a range that is dependent on the alloy composition.

Earth's Atmospheric Layers is
Troposphere
The troposphere starts at the Earth's surface and extends 8 to 14.5 kilometers high (5 to 9 miles). This part of the atmosphere is the most dense. Almost all weather is in this region.

Stratosphere
The stratosphere starts just above the troposphere and extends to 50 kilometers (31 miles) high. The ozone layer, which absorbs and scatters the solar ultraviolet radiation, is in this layer.

Mesosphere
The mesosphere starts just above the stratosphere and extends to 85 kilometers (53 miles) high. Meteors burn up in this layer

Thermosphere
The thermosphere starts just above the mesosphere and extends to 600 kilometers (372 miles) high. Aurora and satellites occur in this layer.

Ionosphere
The ionosphere is an abundant layer of electrons and ionized atoms and molecules that stretches from about 48 kilometers (30 miles) above the surface to the edge of space at about 965 km (600 mi), overlapping into the mesosphere and thermosphere. This dynamic region grows and shrinks based on solar conditions and divides further into the sub-regions: D, E and F; based on what wavelength of solar radiation is absorbed. The ionosphere is a critical link in the chain of Sun-Earth interactions. This region is what makes radio communications possible.

Exosphere
This is the upper limit of our atmosphere. It extends from the top of the thermosphere up to 10,000 km (6,200 mi).

How come these documentaries never go into detail about the Van Allen Belts? Like what kind of radiation? What about this radiation is lethal and will not allow us to go through it? They just make a statement and do not back it up. As far as the flag moving bit, I find it hard to believe that we would go into such intricate detail to make this look credible and overlook a majorly noticeable thing like that. As far as the footage from inside the craft, well they didn't prove or disprove anything, just formed an opinion and tried to pass it as proof. I'm not convinced we didn't go, I'm also not saying we did without a doubt go to the Moon, but this documentary provided a very weak argument.

A launch window is a particular period during which it will be easier to place the satellite in the orbit necessary to perform its intended function. With the space shuttle, an extremely important factor in choosing the launch window was the need to bring down the astronauts safely if something went wrong. The astronauts had to be able to reach a safe landing area with rescue personnel standing by. For other types of flights, including interplanetary exploration, the launch window must permit the flight to take the most efficient course to its very distant destination. If weather is bad or a malfunction occurs during a launch window, the flight must be postponed until the next launch window appropriate for the flight. If a satellite were launched at the wrong time of the day in perfect weather, the satellite could end up in an orbit that would not pass over any of its intended users. Timing is everything!

How Do Satellites Survive 4,000F+ Degree Heat in Space ? Since the launch of Sputnik in the 1950s, thousands of satellites have been put into orbit around the Earth and even other planets. Each has served a different purpose, from complex space stations like the International Space Station to the Global Positioning System. Most satellites can be considered to be “in space”, but in terms of the Earth’s atmosphere, they reside in either the thermosphere or the exosphere. The layer through which a satellite orbits depends on what the satellite is used for and what kind of orbit it has.

The thermosphere is a region of very high temperature that extends from the top of the mesosphere at around 85 kilometers up to 640 kilometers above the Earth’s surface. It is called the thermosphere because temperatures spike to thermal levels

Temperatures are highly dependent on solar activity, and can rise to 2,000 °C (3,630 °F). Radiation causes the atmosphere particles in this layer to become electrically charged (see ionosphere), enabling radio waves to bounce off and be received beyond the horizon. In the exosphere, beginning at 500 to 1,000 kilometres (310 to 620 mi) above the Earth’s surface, the atmosphere turns into space. The highly diluted gas in this layer can reach 2,500 °C (4,530 °F) during the day.. The only elements in the periodic table that can withstand 2500°C are carbon, niobium, molybdenum, tantalum, tungsten, rhenium, and osmium. Except for carbon, these metals are very, very heavy and are of course extremely conductive to heat and most are very ductile when heat treated meaning they bend and coil. Carbon even has the highest thermal conductivities of all known materials! So, if you want to cook someone very efficiently and quickly, there is nothing better than a space capsule made out of graphite.

NASA’s blast furnace-proof International Space Station

The solar panels which adjorn these machines would barely function even if they could keep it together long enough. A British company found a drop of 1.1% of peak output for every increase in degrees Celsius of photovoltaic solar panels once the panels reached 42°C, and of course at 1414°C silicon actually melts. But wait… the Hubble Telescope and satellites uses gallium arsenide instead of silicon which melts at an even lower temperature of 1238°C.

Excuse number one comes from a few websites such as Wikipedia who wish to insult our intelligence to the max. Here is the main explanation for why satellites aren’t converted into man-made meteorites:

The highly diluted gas in this layer can reach 2500°C (4530°F) during the day. Even though the temperature is so high, one would not feel warm in the thermosphere, because it is so near vacuum that there is not enough contact with the few atoms of gas to transfer much heat.

Errr… wait a minute. I thought it is the sun that causes those few atoms of gas to heat up to 2500°C? Oh, it is.

Thermospheric temperatures increase with altitude due to absorption of highly energetic solar radiation.

The source of the heat of the thermosphere is not a few atoms of gas. It is the sun!
Here is Wiki’s explanation of heat, that is not really heat when in space due to the all correcting and pacifying “vacuum” of space…which really isn’t a vacuum at all:
The highly diluted gas in this layer can reach 2,500 °C (4,530 °F) during the day. Even though the temperature is so high, one would not feel warm in the thermosphere, because it is so near vacuum that there is not enough contact with the few atoms of gas to transfer much heat. A normal thermometer would be significantly below 0 °C (32 °F), because the energy lost by thermal radiation would exceed the energy acquired from the atmospheric gas by direct contact.
Even NASA themselves admit this in their question and answer session at question 3:

Heat travels through a vacuum by infrared radiation. The Sun (and anything warm) is constantly emitting infrared, and the Earth absorbs it and turns the energy into atomic and molecular motion, or heat.

So much for that excuse. They realize that there will be a few multi-cellular brained human beings out there that will see straight through this, so they’ll need reserve explanations. Enter Dr. Eberhard Moebius at question 5. who says,

…this is the second secret of the vacuum bottle (or thermos): while the vacuum suppresses heat exchanges by conduction and air convection, exchange by radiation is suppressed by the shiny metallic coating of the bottle. This shiny coating reflects the heat radiation like a mirror and keeps it either inside the bottle (if the content is hot) or outside (if the content is cold).

But none of NASA’s orbiting machines are completely covered in a layer of IR reflecting materials, only a bit of aluminum foil for the Hubble Telescope. Even if the foil could withstand 1500°C radiating heat, it certainly wouldn’t be able to stop conducting the heat from the the other materials of the telescope, especially those lovely infra-red absorbing dark areas, copper foil, plastic coated wires, and tarnished metal; and how about that same aluminum foil reflecting light back onto the telescope itself! Solar cooker anyone? There is so much wrong with the picture below that it is beyond words:
Dave, why haven’t we vaporized into white hot piles of meteoric ash?
Because we are in a swimming pool, Ivan.
Ah, for a minute there I almost forgot.
20,000 + satellites in orbit
Satellites are made of gold, titanium, aluminum and carbon fibers
Travel at 17,500 mph to stay in Earths orbit
Astronots train in NASA pool for space flight
Thermosphere Temperature
The thermosphere, the layer of Earth’s atmosphere above the mesosphere and below the exosphere, exhibits a wide temperature range. According to the search results, temperatures in the thermosphere can vary greatly depending on factors such as solar activity and altitude.

Lower Thermosphere: Temperatures climb sharply in the lower thermosphere (below 200-300 km altitude), reaching thousands of degrees Celsius.

Upper Thermosphere: Temperatures in the upper thermosphere can range from approximately 500°C (932°F) to 2,000°C (3,632°F) or higher.

Daytime vs. Nighttime: The thermosphere is typically about 200°C (360°F) hotter during the daytime than at night.

Solar Activity: Temperatures in the thermosphere can increase by roughly 500°C (932°F) when the Sun is very active compared to other times.

It’s essential to note that these temperatures are not directly comparable to those in the troposphere or stratosphere, as the air is extremely thin in the thermosphere. Therefore, the temperature values do not translate to a feeling of heat or coldness for humans.

Elon Musk’s New Government Efficiency Job: Pros and Cons for the Satellite Industry. Elon Musk will co-lead a newly created Department of Government Efficiency in the Trump administration, president-elect Donald Trump announced late Tuesday.

According to Trump’s press statement, the Department of Government Efficiency will “provide advice and guidance from outside of government,” indicating that Musk will not hold an official government position.

This role will likely raise concerns about conflicts of interest even if Musk does not hold an official government position. Government employees are prohibited from participating in official matters where they have a financial interest.

Musk’s company SpaceX has billions of dollars in U.S. government contracts through launch services, NASA crew transport, Starlink internet service, and the Starshield government business.

The administration’s announcement provided few details on what the Department of Government Efficiency will look like, but Trump’s statement said that it will “pave the way for my administration to dismantle government bureaucracy, slash excess regulations, cut wasteful expenditures, and restructure federal agencies.”

Musk will co-lead the department with Vivek Ramaswamy, with a timetable to conclude the work no later than July 4, 2026.

Space industry analyst Chris Quilty told Via Satellite that as spaceflight is a heavily regulated industry, Elon and SpaceX could stand to benefit from deregulation under a Trump administration.

Musk has been personally critical of the agencies that regulate SpaceX, both the FCC and Federal Aviation Administration. SpaceX has criticized decisions by the regulatory agencies as well, particularly the FCC revoking nearly $1 billion in funding for Starlink as part of the Rural Digital Opportunity Fund. SpaceX has also criticized the FAA for the pace the regulator approves licensing materials.

But any decisions or recommendations from Musk and the Department of Government Efficiency related to the space industry or the regulatory bodies that oversee SpaceX could be heavily scrutinized, Quilty said.

“If you’re [a satellite operator] competing with SpaceX in satellite broadband, you don’t want them to get any more preferential treatment for power limits, or things like that,” Quilty said. “You do not want Elon getting more influence where he might be able to influence technical specifications. But on the flip side — it’s a good thing for the industry when he is distracted. No human can do everything, all the time, everywhere.”

Quilty also pointed out that any potential big shakeup decisions in space policy — such as canceling the Space Launch System (SLS) rocket and Orion programs — look more complicated when Musk is advising the government and stands to benefit with the Starship rocket, which has large contracts with NASA under the Artemis program.

“You could argue that Elon Musk becoming part of the government may be the savior for those programs because the appearance of impropriety might prevent Trump from doing the right thing,” Quilty said. “The quickest path to the Moon is going to be on Starship. But if Elon is part of the government and the strategy is to shoot the program that is Boeing and Lockheed and give money to SpaceX — just because it looks bad doesn’t mean it’s not the right thing to do.”

SpaceX has a deep bench of contracts with the government between NASA and the military. The company is a major provider of launch services to the government for military and civil satellites. The Pentagon used Starlink in Ukraine, and the military can procure communications from SpaceX under the Proliferated Low-Earth Orbit (PLEO) satellite-based services program.

SpaceX provides the only U.S.-based transport for NASA astronauts to and from ISS, and won a contract this year to develop a vehicle to deorbit the ISS.

Some of the company’s contracts are classified, like a $1.8 billion contract with the National Reconnaissance Office to build hundreds of spy satellites, which Reuters reported earlier this year.

Hubble Space Telescope Height
According to the search results, the Hubble Space Telescope orbits the Earth at an altitude of approximately 547 kilometers (340 miles) above its surface. Its orbit is inclined at 28.5 degrees to the equator, which was chosen as the most economical and efficient orbit for the telescope.

To provide more context, here are some additional points:
The Hubble Space Telescope travels at a speed of 17,500 miles (27,300 kilometers) per hour as it orbits the Earth.

It takes approximately 95 minutes to complete one trip around the Earth.
Since its launch on April 24, 1990, Hubble has orbited the Earth over 175,200 times.

These details demonstrate the Hubble Space Telescope’s stable and precise orbit, which allows it to capture high-resolution images and make accurate observations of the universe.

Space Shuttle Altitude Record
According to the search results, the highest altitude reached by a Space Shuttle is 631 km (STS-31, Discovery) during the deployment of the Hubble Space Telescope. This is also the highest actual Shuttle mission altitude.

However, theoretically, a Space Shuttle could have reached a higher altitude if it had flown an elliptical orbit with a perigee of 200 km and an apogee of 1000 km. However, this would have presented thermal problems and made re-entry difficult.

International Space Station Height
According to the search results, the International Space Station (ISS) orbits the Earth at an average altitude of 413 km (256.6 mi) to 422 km (262.2 mi) above mean sea level (AMSL). This corresponds to a range of 413-422 kilometers or 256.6-262.2 miles above the Earth’s surface.

Additionally, the search results mention that the ISS’s orbit is characterized by an orbital inclination of 51.64° and an orbital speed of 7.67 km/s (27,600 km/h or 17,100 mph). The station completes one orbit around the Earth every 92.9 minutes.

It’s worth noting that the exact altitude of the ISS can vary slightly due to atmospheric drag and other orbital perturbations, but 413-422 km is the generally accepted range for its average altitude.

Ionosphere, Thermosphere & Mesosphere. NASA’s heliophysics researches the ionosphere-thermosphere-mesosphere region where our neutral atmosphere transitions into the ionized plasma of space. In this thin shell that surrounds our home planet, the atmosphere is in constant motion, shaped by the influence of both solar activity and changes in the lower atmosphere and in near-Earth space. But this region is more than just a passive boundary — energy is not only deposited but also transformed in and transported through this region, and it’s an active source of energy and plasma into the magnetosphere.

Interactions here create highly variable space weather effects that impact communications and navigation signals, satellite orbits, and create currents in Earth’s crust that affect our infrastructure on the ground. At lower altitudes in this region, chemical reactions can form reactive molecules that destroy stratospheric ozone, noctilucent clouds form and evolve, meteors ablate and break up, and towering electrical discharges such as sprites and elves conduct massive currents.

NASA studies this region through a variety of techniques and from a variety of perspectives. Our research uses suborbital technology, such as sounding rockets, which gather data for five to ten minutes at a time, or balloons, which can stay aloft for days to weeks. Ground-based observations of the upper atmosphere and electrical current systems are made from a wide variety of instruments scattered over the globe. Finally, NASA relies on orbiting satellite missions to provide global views of this important and fascinating region. These include missions such as our ICON and GOLD missions, which are the most recently launched to study this area, as well as older missions like TIMED and AIM. These missions all provide different ways to study how earth’s weather and space weather interact.

Based on the 2013 Decadal Survey for heliophysics, NASA is also preparing the Geospace Dynamics Constellation (GDC). GDC will provide the first direct global measurements of Earth’s dynamic, complex ionosphere and thermosphere – akin to the launch of the early weather satellites that gave scientists the first worldwide view of weather systems. Using an array of sensors working together to gather comprehensive observations, GDC will explore the fundamental physics of this region. The level of detail and resolution provided by GDC will give us an unprecedented understanding of the space environment surrounding our home planet.

In addition to helping us understand our own planet, ITM science also has implications for atmospheres on other planets and what makes them habitable. In order to further this research NASA heliophysics consciously seeks opportunities for planetary and Earth science collaboration.

The sun is a dynamic star, made of super-hot ionized gas called plasma.

The sun's surface and atmosphere change continually, driven by the magnetic forces generated by this constantly-moving plasma. The sun releases energy in two ways: the usual flow of light that illuminates the Earth and makes life possible; but also in more violent and dramatic ways--it gives off bursts of light, particles, and magnetic fields that can have ripple effects all the way out to the solar system's magnetic edge.

The sun is a dynamic star, made of super-hot ionized gas called plasma. The sun's surface and atmosphere change continually, driven by the magnetic forces generated by this constantly-moving plasma. The sun releases energy in two ways: the usual flow of light that illuminates the Earth and makes life possible; but also in more violent and dramatic ways--it gives off bursts of light, particles, and magnetic fields that can have ripple effects all the way out to the solar system's magnetic edge. We study the sun to better understand how its ever-changing conditions can influence Earth, other worlds, and even space itself.

NASA studies the sun for numerous reasons. For one thing, its influence on the habitability of Earth is incredibly complex, providing radiation that depending on the amount can be either a boon or hazard to the development of life. Second, this radiation, and the accompanying energy and magnetic fields that the sun sends out -- is intense and dynamic, with the ability to create changes in the space weather around us, and interfere with our space technology and communications systems. Finally, we study this star we live with, because it's the only star we can study up close. Studying our sun informs research about other stars throughout the universe.

The sun's activity and conditions vary on almost every timescale, from tiny changes that happen over milliseconds, to solar eruptions that last hours or days, to its 27-day rotation. The solar magnetic field cycles through a complete change in direction and back about every 22 years, which in turn gives rise to the roughly 11-year cycle in solar activity. As magnetic field becomes more complex, it releases energy near the solar surface. These solar explosions can take the form of solar flares, coronal mass ejections, or releases of incredibly fast charged particles that race out from the sun at nearly the speed of light.

NASA watches the sun nearly 24-seven with a fleet of solar observatories, studying everything from the sun's tenuous outer atmosphere, to its roiling surface, and even peering inside the sun using magnetic and helioseismic instruments.

NASA observes the sun and studies its processes with such missions as the Parker Solar Probe, Solar Dynamics Observatory, the Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory, the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, the Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscope Imager, the joint ESA/NASA missions Solar and Heliospheric Observatory, and Solar Orbiter, and the joint JAXA/NASA Hinode.

Will Elon Musk be able to cut $2 trillion from NASA And US government spending ? The boss of Tesla and the social media site X, Elon Musk, suggested last month at Donald Trump’s rally in New York City that it would be possible to cut “at least $2 trillion” from US government spending by eradicating “waste”.

Musk has now been appointed to co-head a new Department of Government Efficiency by the incoming US president, giving him an opportunity to try to put his plans into action.

In the most recent fiscal year (from October 2023 to September 2024) the US federal government spent $6.75 trillion (£5.3 trillion) according to the US Treasury.

This means Musk’s proposed cuts of $2 trillion would represent around a cut of around 30% of total federal government spending — also known as national spending in other countries.

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To answer that, it’s helpful to break down the total spending figure.

Around $880bn (13% of total US government spending) goes on interest payments on the national debt, which means that line of expenditure cannot be reduced without putting the US government in default.

Around $1.46 trillion (22%) goes on Social Security, which primarily means pensions for Americans over the retirement age. This is a line of spending which is “mandatory”, meaning it must be spent by law on those eligible.

Other large mandatory lines of government expenditure include Medicare - a government-funded health insurance program primarily serving Americans aged over 65.

So-called “discretionary” US government spending - outlays that are not permanently enshrined in law but have to be voted on annually by US lawmakers - includes defence ($874bn, 13%), transportation ($137bn, 2%) and education, training, employment and social services ($305bn, 5%).

Altogether, discretionary spending accounted for around 25% of the total in the 2023 financial year according to the Congressional Budget Office, with more than half of that going to defence.

In theory, discretionary spending would be easier for the incoming Trump administration to cut than mandatory spending.

Donald Trump has said that Musk - and his co-head at the new Department of Government Efficiency, Vivek Ramaswamy - will achieve the savings from dismantling government bureaucracy, slashing excess regulations and restructuring government agencies. In an interview with the BBC in April 2023 Musk claimed to have reduced the staff of Twitter (now X) from 8,000 to 1,500 after acquiring the social network in 2022.

Yet if all of the $2 trillion in US government expenditure savings now being targeted by Musk were to come from discretionary spending, analysts calculate that entire agencies - from transport, to agriculture, to Homeland Security - would have to be entirely closed down. Discretionary spending accounted for only $1.7 trillion in 2023.

Musk did not specify if he would aim to deliver $2 trillion in savings in a single year, or over a longer period, but many US public finance experts, including those who are in favour in principle of reductions in US government spending, are sceptical savings on such a scale can be found in the near term without either a collapse in the delivery of important government functions or sparking major public resistance.

After taking control of the House of Representatives in 2022, Republican lawmakers have struggled to pass legislation to deliver considerably smaller cuts of $130bn in discretionary government spending after meeting opposition from other Republicans.

It’s also important to note that Donald Trump campaigned on a platform of making Social Security more financially generous, not less, by removing the income tax payable on it. And, on defence, Trump said he would build an “iron dome missile defence shield” around America, implying greater spending in this area, not cuts.

Total US federal government spending as a share of the US economy in 2024 was around 23% according to the US Treasury.

That’s a considerably smaller share than national government spending in other developed countries.

However, a large share of government spending in the US, including almost all school spending, is done at a state rather than a federal level, and states are funded by local sales and property taxes.

The International Monetary Fund has projected that total US “general government expenditure”, which includes spending by individual states, will be around 37.5% of its GDP in 2024.

That compares with 43% in the UK, 48% in Germany and 57% in France.

The US government is currently running an annual deficit - a shortfall between its spending and tax revenues - equal to around 6% of its economy. And America’s national debt held by the public is currently equal to around 97% of the size of the economy.

The non-partisan Committee for a Responsible Federal Budget (CRFB) think tank has projected that this is currently set to climb to 125% by 2035.

The CRFB has projected that absent major spending reductions, Donald Trump’s planned tax cuts would considerably widen the US deficit in the coming decade and push up the US national debt to 143% by the middle of the next decade.

What are the Different Layers of the Earth’s Atmosphere?
The Earth has a number of layers of atmosphere which are listed below.

Troposphere: 0 to 11 km (0 to 7 miles)
Stratosphere: 11 to 50 km (7 to 31 miles)
Mesosphere: 50 to 80 km (31 to 50 miles)
Thermosphere: 80 to 700 km (50 to 440 miles)
Exosphere: 700 to 10,000 km (440 to 6,200 miles)
Commercial aircraft typically fly in the Troposphere and Stratosphere.

What is the Troposphere?
The Troposphere is the lowest portion of the atmosphere, and it is where the vast majority of weather is found. The height of the top of the Troposphere varies with latitude (it’s lowest over the poles and highest at the equator) and by season (it’s lower in winter and higher in summer). It can be as high as 20 km (12 miles or 65,000 feet) near the equator, and as low as 7 km (4 miles or 23,000 feet) over the poles in winter. In aviation, ISA stipulates the Troposphere ceases at 11,000 m (36,089ft).

The top of the Troposphere is called the Tropopause which is the boundary between the Troposphere and Stratosphere. Jet streams (very strong narrow corridors of air) are typically found in the Tropopause. The Tropopause is generally an ‘Isothermal’ zone where temperature remains constant with altitude.

What is the Stratosphere?
The Stratosphere is sometimes known as the Ozone Layer. This is where Ultra Violet (UV) light from the sun is absorbed by ozone particles and converted to heat. In the Stratosphere, the temperature increase with height (unlike the tropopause where the temperature reduces with height). Some large birds can fly within the Stratosphere such Swans and Vultures.

Commercial aircraft generally fly in the lower levels of the Stratosphere as it contains little moisture and most of the weather (which can cause turbulence) is found in the Troposphere and Tropopause below. Commercial aircraft can’t fly too high within the Stratosphere as their altitude can be limited by the amount of thrust that can be produced by the engines, which decreases as temperature increases.

What is the Mesosphere?
‘Meso’ means middle. The Mesosphere is responsible for protecting the Earth against asteroids and space debris and is where these objects would tend to burn up. The Mesosphere contains about 0.1% of the Earth’s air mass and still has a mix of gases found in the atmosphere. In this atmospheric layer, temperature decreases with height.

At the top of the Mesosphere, the coldest atmospheric temperatures can be found at around -143 °C / -225 °F. Neither military nor commercial aircraft can fly in the Mesosphere due to the lack of air mass, yet the small amount of air there is would still produce too much drag to allow orbit of the Earth.

What is the Thermosphere / Ionosphere?
The Thermosphere is incredibly hot due to the absorption of solar radiation. Temperatures can reach 2,000 °C / 3,600 °F. The Thermosphere is where the Kármán line can be found which defines where ‘Outer Space’ starts at 100 km / 62 miles above sea level. Some satellites, including the International Space Station (ISS) orbit the Earth in the Thermosphere.

The Thermosphere is also known as the Ionosphere due to the presence of Ions within this atmospheric layer. This occurs due to the photoionization of molecules caused by ultraviolet radiation. Some radio waves are reflected by the Ions which is why commercial aircraft can communication through High Frequency to stations beyond the horizon.

What is the Exosphere?
‘Exo’ means outside. The Exosphere is the highest, most outer layer of the atmosphere where the air is extremely thin. It is the transition between the Earth’s atmosphere and the vacuum of space. It is predominantly made up of Hydrogen and Helium but contains trace amount of other gases. It acts as a zone where the Earth’s gravity starts to be felt.

Temperature in the Exosphere varies significantly (between 0 °C and 1700 °C) and is much hotter in the day than night.

Commercial Providers Applaud PLEO Contracts from Space Systems Command. Under a Proliferated Low-Earth Orbit (PLEO) Satellite-Based Services program that may be worth $900 million, the Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA) and the U.S. Space Force’s Space Systems Command (SSC) have awarded 16 companies five-year contracts to establish commercial communications for military use.

The July 18 DISA contract awards came via SSC’s Commercial Satellite Communications (SATCOM) Office (CSCO), which received 25 bids.

The companies, receiving the awards, which include a five-year option, are SpaceX; Capella Space‘s Capella Federal, Inc.; BlackSky Technology Inc.’s BlackSky Geospatial Solutions, Inc.; SES DRS Global Enterprise Solutions, Inc.; EchoStar Corp.‘s Hughes Network Systems; Viasat Inc.‘s Inmarsat Government, Inc.; Amazon’s Kuiper Government Services (KGS) LLC; Intelsat‘s Intelsat General Communications LLC; OneWeb Technologies, Inc.; ARINC, Inc.; Artel, LLC; PAR Technology Corp.‘s PAR Government; RiteNet Corp.; Satcom Direct, Inc.’s Satcom Direct Government, Inc. (SDG); Trace Systems Inc.; and UltiSat, Inc.

SSC said in a July 24 statement that the multiple partner and award contract model is a first for government satcom procurement and promises to deliver capabilities faster and at a lower cost than traditional models. Areas within scope may include, but are not limited to, high-speed broadband, synthetic aperture radar imaging, space domain awareness, and alternative positioning, navigation and timing.

“This is a transformational strategy that will allow government and industry to partner more quickly and more broadly to take advantage of the rapid innovation that’s happening in the commercial satcom sector,” Clare Hopper, chief of SSC’s CSCO, said in the July 24 SSC statement.

Col. Richard Kniseley, senior materiel leader of the CSCO, said that the contracts represent the continuing “game-changing advances in commercial satcom.”

After the award was announced, a number of the companies named on the contract shared further details about the managed services they will provide to the DoD.

Hughes Network Systems said the award means the D0D, other federal agencies and international coalition partners can procure fully managed, low-latency LEO services from Hughes with capacity on two constellations: OneWeb and EchoStar Lyra.

EchoStar Lyra is a constellation in development for Internet of Things (IoT) connectivity and ongoing market development that includes 5G non-terrestrial networks.

Hughes also has a distribution agreement with OneWeb service provider, OneWeb Technologies, to deliver managed, wideband LEO services to the DoD. Those services are now available under the IDIQ and the U.S. General Services Administration (GSA) Schedule, Hughes said.

“As government and defense agencies explore the power and potential of LEO services in delivering capabilities to the warfighter faster and at lower cost, we’re proud to offer not one, but two compelling solutions,” said Leslie Blaker-Glass, vice president of Hughes. “Our OneWeb offering and our next-generation EchoStar Lyra S-band IoT system position us to deliver customers in the DoD and federal government robust and resilient low-latency connectivity at a competitive price.”

OneWeb Technologies said the deal solidifies its position as a trusted government solutions partner, and a leading provider of LEO satellite services. The company is one of only two VSAT data LEO satellite service providers currently offering live services.

“This p-LEO opportunity underscores OneWeb Technologies’ comsatcom capabilities and recognizes the company’s exceptional technology offering for the U.S. government. Accurate, expeditious information is fundamental for U.S. government decision making, as well as for our friends and allies. OneWeb’s constellation helps get the right information to the right people, at the right time,” Sue Gordon, chairperson of the OneWeb Technologies proxy board and former U.S. principal deputy director of national intelligence, said in a statement.

Capella Space said this award makes the company one of the first commercial Earth observation companies to work with this new government commercial satellite services procurement model, and the contract lets Capella give SSC and the Space Force global 24/7, all-weather imagery more quickly.

“As the first American company to own and operate a commercial SAR constellation, we are excited to expand our collaboration with the U.S. government,” said Payam Banazadeh, CEO and founder of Capella Space. “Through this award, we will be able to provide more timely, high-resolution SAR data to support U.S. Space Force missions through our rapidly growing constellation.”

NASA Selects SpaceX to Build a Vehicle to Deorbit the ISS NASA awarded SpaceX a contract worth up to $843 million to develop a vehicle to deorbit the International Space Station (ISS), the agency announced Wednesday.

NASA said in the announcement that it is “crucial to prepare for the safe and responsible deorbit of the International Space Station in a controlled manner after the end of its operational life in 2030.” The United States, Japan, Canada, and the participating countries of ESA have committed to operating the station through 2030.

“Selecting a U.S. Deorbit Vehicle for the International Space Station will help NASA and its international partners ensure a safe and responsible transition in low Earth orbit at the end of station operations. This decision also supports NASA’s plans for future commercial destinations and allows for the continued use of space near Earth,” said Ken Bowersox, associate administrator for Space Operations Mission Directorate at NASA Headquarters in Washington.

The contract does not include the launch of the vehicle, which will be contracted separately.

SpaceX will develop the deorbit spacecraft, but NASA will operate it throughout its mission. The vehicle will also breakup alongside the ISS as part of the re-entry process. NASA and SpaceX did not release more specifics at this time on what the deorbit vehicle will look like.

NASA and commercial partners are working on what will take the place of the ISS, with a number of commercial projects in the works, with NASA funding.

US NASA Spending
US NASA Spending Overview: The United States has been allocating funds to NASA since its inception, with the budget fluctuating over the years. The spending has been influenced by various factors, including the president in office, national priorities, and the agency’s projects.

Historical Spending: NASA’s budget peaked in 1964-1966, consuming roughly 4% of all federal spending, driven by the Apollo program and the first Moon landing.

Current Funding: The NASA budget for the fiscal year 2021 is $25.2 billion, representing 0.5% of the federal budget, with each dollar spent creating $8 of economic growth.

Total Spending: Since its inception, the United States has spent nearly $650 billion (in nominal dollars) on NASA.

Budget Allocation: The agency’s budget has been used to fund various projects, including the Apollo program, which consumed more than half of NASA’s budget during its peak, and current initiatives, such as encouraging private companies to build and operate their own spacecraft.

Public Perception: There is a significant gap between the public’s perception of NASA’s budget and the actual allocation, with a survey showing that respondents estimated NASA’s budget to be around 6.4% of annual federal spending, when it is actually around 0.5%

Global History Of Communications and Satellite Hoax History Of Communications - https://rumble.com/v29oj62-global-history-of-communications-and-satellite-hoax-history-of-communicatio.html

The Earth’s temperature range in Fahrenheit is from 3,600 degrees Fahrenheit (2,000 degrees Celsius) in the uppermost atmosphere to a global average temperature of around 59 degrees Fahrenheit (15 degrees Celsius) near the surface.

The Satellite Melting Points Is ? ? ? - So 2000 Celsius = Is 3632 Fahrenheit and Layers of Atmosphere & High Radiation and Satellite Radiation Melting Points.
How to convert Celsius to Fahrenheit ? 0 degrees Celsius is equal to 32 degrees Fahrenheit: 0 °C = 32 °F The temperature T in degrees Fahrenheit (°F) is equal to the temperature T in degrees Celsius (°C) times 9/5 plus 32, that conversion formula.

Welcome to the Satellite Hoax Man - Excellent Music an Video from Flat Earth Man - https://rumble.com/v29orjq-welcome-to-the-satellite-hoax-man-excellent-music-an-video-from-flat-earth-.html

Welcome to the Satellite Hoax is an English language song and is sung by conspiracy music guru. Welcome to the Satellite Hoax, from the album Flat Earth Man, was released in the year 2018. The duration of the song is 5:48.

Many of the technologies that we assume are space based, are in reality ground based systems. We've had the ability for a very long time to send messages across vast distances. We are not using space based equipment for the internet, nor for telecommunications, but we do use fiber optic and transatlantic cables, massive RF Towers, and bounce signals off of the atmosphere like with HAM radio signals. Space is fake, satellites are a hoax, and not what we are told they are. Nasa is a fraud of the highest order.

Excellent & entertaining video Thoroughly enjoyed this video Question to Flat Earthers If we follow your flat earth model, who has the further distance from Earth the Sun or the Moon? If the Sun is far from Earth than the Moon, will you please explain the Lunar Eclipse phenomenon? If the Moon is far from Earth than the Sun, will you please explain the Solar Eclipse occurrence? If the Sun and the Moon have equal distance from Earth, why they didn’t collide?

We can leave such persons to ponder the swirling of the water in their sinks and bathtubs—swirling that reverses direction when we cross the equator.

https://samuel-lereah.com/articles/Physics/flat-vs-round-earth

According to some UFO conspiracists, the Black Knight is an artificial satellite of extraterrestrial origin that has orbited Earth for approximately 13,000 years.

Flat Earth Vs. Round Earth Vs. Black Knight Satellite Vs. Fermi Paradox The Great Debate - https://rumble.com/v3tkujr-flat-earth-vs.-round-earth-vs.-black-knight-satellite-vs.-fermi-paradox-the.html

Who’s Telling Truth About The Firmament On Earth Quran Or Bible Or Waters Above - https://rumble.com/v3nxzhl-whos-telling-truth-about-the-firmament-on-earth-quran-or-bible-or-waters-ab.html

Who’s Telling Truth About The Firmament On Earth And Sun Moon Luminaries Part 2 - https://rumble.com/v3o0bk9-whos-telling-truth-about-the-firmament-on-earth-and-sun-moon-luminaries-par.html

Ultimate Field Guide 82 Extraterrestrial Species Iceberg Explained Alleged Alien Races - https://rumble.com/v2lb5b8-ultimate-field-guide-82-extraterrestrial-species-iceberg-explained-alleged-.html

In the story of the abduction and encounters with alien beings or humanoids in the history of ufology, there are, as reported by the various reports of the various police and military who are interested in the subject, lists of different types of beings who should represent various civilizations do not belong to the human, who were either vengoino still in touch with people on our planet.

Taboo Conspiracy Of Nature's True Flat Earth Real Time 40 Schemes From N.A.S.A. - https://rumble.com/v2dm0zi-taboo-conspiracy-of-natures-true-flat-earth-real-time-40-schemes-from-n.a.s.html

Taboo Conspiracy and Other Video's Removed by ? Those channels have since been silenced by ? the other censor's and Nazis at Alphabet. lot's of people have provides time and time again, the very best proofs of our flat world, tests and experiments that completely debunk the heliocentric fantasy, and is also personally responsible for exposing the fakery in every supposed 24/7 sun in Antarctica video. He has certainly opened hundreds of thousands of people’s eyes to our false reality and for that, I’m proud to share his work here at new world order year zero.

Flat Earth 21 Questions And Answers Proving Stranger's Guide And Course Flat Earth - https://rumble.com/v2u3emu-flat-earth-21-questions-and-answers-proving-strangers-guide-and-course-flat.html

Proving Stranger's Guide And Course Flat Earth A comprehensive beginners course that thoroughly explains the answers to 21 of the most frequently asked questions about flat earth. Journey through the list from beginning to end while all the "loose ends" are tied up by the time it's over. Share with you friends, family and loved ones. The #earth is most definitely #flat and it is important for us to understand.

Stanley Kubrick Fake Apollo 11 Moon Landing Was A Hoax By The U.S.A. Government - https://rumble.com/v2s6afk-stanley-kubrick-fake-apollo-11-moon-landing-was-a-hoax-by-the-u.s.a.-govern.html

NASA faked the historic Apollo 11 Moon landing footage with the help of Hollywood veteran director Stanley Kubrick, book author and filmmaker Jay Weidner has shockingly claimed. When NASA astronauts Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin landed on the Moon on April 20, 1969, more than 500 million watched around the globe with bated breath. But the monumental moment in the history of mankind is often overshadowed by conspiracy theories claiming the Moon landing was faked. As the 50th anniversary of the Moon landing approaches, the number of conspiracist questioning NASA’s official version of events is on the rise. Mr Weidner, who directed the documentary Kubrick's Odyssey, has astonishingly claimed footage of the Apollo 11 landing was directed by Mr Kubrick. However, even more surprisingly, the filmmaker said NASA did go to the Moon – but the footage broadcast around the world was a hoax.

NASA Admits Fake International Space Station A Global World Wide Satellite Hoax - https://rumble.com/v3dm5uj-nasa-admits-fake-international-space-station-a-global-world-wide-satellite-.html

Flat Earth Vs. Round Earth 8 Ways Life Would Get Weird On A Flat Earth Conspiracy - https://rumble.com/v2pu5k6-flat-earth-vs.-round-earth-8-ways-life-would-get-weird-on-a-flat-earth-cons.html

Proofs Earth Is Not A Spinning Ball What The Hell Happened 200 Times Collection - https://rumble.com/v2u2d94-proofs-earth-is-not-a-spinning-ball-what-the-hell-happened-200-times-collec.html

Proofs Earth Is Not A Spinning Ball When a photo of spherical Earth is pointed out to flat-earthers, they will dismiss it as CGI in the blink of an eye; even if they haven’t done any analysis at all. They do this because their belief in flat-Earth is not evidence-based, and any evidence contrary to their beliefs needs to be invalidated no matter how. They are so used to doing it, and sometimes they become confused by it themselves, to the point that they would take the slightest hint of digital manipulation of any picture of the Earth as evidence of the flat Earth.

Flat Earth 101 Channel - Episode 14 - Eclipse Of Fantasy - (Gerhana Fantasi) - https://rumble.com/v2bq47m-flat-earth-101-channel-episode-14-eclipse-of-fantasy-gerhana-fantasi-w0w.html

This is the number 1 question? - Flat Earthers hear, why would anyone go through this elaborate hoax? - The powers that be want to hide the truth of our existence at all costs as they do not want to have anyone/anything else in higher power than themselves. The majority of people believe they are descendants.

NASA Admits Faking Space Part 1 The Space Program Is Faked Yes It's A Conspiracy - https://rumble.com/v3dqlbc-nasa-admits-faking-space-part-1-the-space-program-is-faked-yes-its-a-conspi.html

NASA Admits Faking Space Part 1 The Space Program and shows provable deception in the space program. NASA is a corrupt government organization. It gets worse. NASA was started to create the illusion of going into so-called (non-existent) "outer space". The truth is that no one or nothing has ever been to the fantasy known as "outer space".

NASA Admits Faking Space Part 2 Bonus Proof Stephen Hawking Is A Fraud Conspiracy - https://rumble.com/v3dssxw-nasa-admits-faking-space-part-2-bonus-proof-stephen-hawking-is-a-fraud-cons.html

NASA Admits Faking Space Part 2 The Space Program and shows provable deception in the space program. NASA is a corrupt government organization. It gets worse. NASA was started to create the illusion of going into so-called (non-existent) "outer space". The truth is that no one or nothing has ever been to the fantasy known as "outer space".

After Atomic World War 3 Is Over Creation Of The Humanoids AI Robots Futura Lives - https://rumble.com/v2im0dw-after-atomic-world-war-3-is-over-creation-of-the-humanoids-ai-robots-futura.html

What would happen to planet earth if the human race were to suddenly disappear forever? Would ecosystems thrive? What remnants of our industrialized world would survive? What would crumble fastest? Life After People is a television series on which scientists, structural engineers, and other experts speculate about what might become of Earth should humanity instantly disappear.

Flat Earth Trilogy True World & Learning Curve And Epic Deception Complete Video - https://rumble.com/v4c13d8-flat-earth-trilogy-true-world-and-learning-curve-and-epic-deception-complet.html

Flat Earth Trilogy So I'm Not Saying The Earth Is Flat Or Anything. But This Is Very Interesting Evidence and I learned a lot, just like I learned a lot with the heliocentric model.

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