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Chalcedony!
#Chalcedony is a cryptocrystalline form of silica, much like chert, but it's distinguished by its fibrous microcrystalline structure. Here are the key features of chalcedony:
Composition:
Silica (SiO₂): Like chert, it's primarily composed of quartz, but the structure of the crystals is different.
Texture and Structure:
Microcrystalline: The individual crystals are too small to be seen with the naked eye.
Fibrous: Chalcedony often displays a fibrous or acicular (needle-like) structure in contrast to the more blocky or mosaic structure of other quartz varieties like chert.
Varieties of Chalcedony:
Agate: Known for its banded or layered appearance; each band often has a slightly different color.
Jasper: Similar to chalcedony but typically more opaque and can contain significant impurities like iron, giving it a wide range of colors.
Onyx: Usually refers to chalcedony with parallel bands of black and white, though the term can be misused for other banded chalcedonies.
Carnelian: A reddish variety due to iron oxide impurities.
Chrysoprase: Colored green by nickel silicate inclusions.
Bloodstone (Heliotrope): A dark green chalcedony with red spots of iron oxide or hematite.
Physical Properties:
Hardness: 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, slightly softer than quartz but still quite durable.
Luster: Waxy or greasy when polished.
Transparency: Can range from translucent to nearly opaque.
Fracture: Conchoidal, similar to chert, but due to its fibrous nature, it can show a splintery fracture in some cases.
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