Muhammad bin Suleyman (Fuzuli) | محمد بن سلیمان (فضولی) کی سوانح عمری اور ان کے مزار کی تاریخ

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Biography of Muhammad bin Suleyman (Fuzuli) and the history of his shrine

Dekhti Aankhooon aur sountay kaanoon ko Asslamoalaikum, sisters, brothers friends and elders, in informative series videos of Islamic ascolars, sufisaints, cultural heritages, islamic philosophys, islamic mysticisms and historical figures. today we are describing biography of and the history of his shrine.

Muhammad bin Suleyman better known by his pen name Fuzuli was a 16th-century poet who composed works in his native Azerbaijani, as well as Persian and Arabic. He is regarded as one of the greatest poets of Turkic literature and a prominent figure in both Azerbaijani and Ottoman literature. Fuzuli's work was widely known and admired throughout the Turkic cultural landscape from the 16th to the 19th centuries, with his fame reaching as far as Central Asia and India.

Born in 1483 in modern-day Iraq, Fuzuli studied literature, mathematics, astronomy, and languages as a child. During his lifetime, his homeland changed hands between the Aq Qoyunlu, Safavid, and Ottoman states. He composed poetry for officials in all three empires, writing his first known poem to Shah Alvand Mirza of the Aq Qoyunlu. Fuzuli wrote most of his poetry during the Ottoman rule of Iraq, which is why he is also sometimes called an Ottoman poet. Throughout his life, he had several patrons but never found one that fully satisfied him—as he wrote—and his desire to join a royal court was never realised. Despite wishing to see places like Tabriz in modern-day Iran, Anatolia, and India, he never travelled outside Iraq. In 1556, Fuzuli died from the plague and was buried in Karbala.

Fuzuli is best known for his Azerbaijani works, especially his ghazals (a form of love poem) and his lyric poem Leyl? va Macn?n, which is an interpretation of a Middle Eastern story of tragic love. He also wrote d?v?ns (collections of poems) in Azerbaijani, Persian, and possibly Arabic. His style has been described as being distinguished by his "intense expression of feelings"[3] and his use of mystic metaphors and symbols. His poetry shows influences from Persian poets like Nizami, Jami, and Hafez, as well as Azerbaijani poets like Habibi and Nasimi.

Fuzuli played a role in the development of the Azerbaijani language, with his writings being described as elevating Azerbaijani poetry and language to new heights.[4] His work has been characterised as a reconciliation of Azerbaijani, Persian, and Arabic literary practices, as well as of Shia and Sunni beliefs.[5] He remains a popular poet in Azerbaijan, Turkey, Iran, and Iraq.

Fuzuli, whose given name was Muhammad[b] and whose father's name was Suleyman, was born in 1483. He wrote under the name Fuzuli, which can be translated either as "presumptuous, superfluous" or "exalted, superior, virtuous". In his Persian devan (a collection of poems), he wrote that he picked this name to stand out, knowing that no one else would choose such a pen name. Little is known about Fuzuli's youth. He was probably a Shia Muslim of Azerbaijani Turkic origin, descending from the Bayat tribe. Although some contemporary sources refer to him as Fuzul-yi Baghdad (Fuzuli of Baghdad'), suggesting he was born or raised in that city or its surroundings, other sources cite the nearby cities of Najaf, Hilla, or Karbala as his birthplace. His father was reported to have once been a mufti (Islamic jurist) in Hilla, which suggests that Fuzuli likely came from an educated family. As a child, he studied literature, mathematics, astronomy, and languages, learning Persian and Arabic in addition to his native Azerbaijani. He had an interest in poetry since his childhood, with his poems suggesting that his initial inspiration was drawn from the works of the late-15th-century Azerbaijani poet Habibi.

Fuzuli lived in Iraq under the Aq Qoyunlu confederation, which ruled the region between 1470 and the conquest of the region by Shah Ismail I of the Iranian Safavid dynasty in 1508. By the time of the Safavid takeover, Fuzuli was already a popular young poet and had dedicated his first known poem, a Persian qa??dah (eulogy), to Shah Alvand Mirza of the Aq Qoyunlu. After 1514, the poet received patronage from Ibrahim Khan Mawsillu, the Safavid administrator of Baghdad, whom he met during Mawsillu's visit to Najaf and Karbala. He dedicated his first known Azerbaijani poem.

The Shrine of Muhammad bin Suleyman, better known by his pen name Fuzuli, is a significant cultural and historical site located in the city of Karbala, Iraq. Fuzuli, a prominent 16th-century poet of Azeri Turkish origin, is revered for his contributions to classical Ottoman literature, particularly his works in Persian, Arabic, and Turkish. His poetry, marked by its deep emotional intensity and profound spiritual insights, reflects his mastery of these languages and his ability to blend Persian literary traditions with Turkish poetic forms.

Fuzuli's most famous works include *Divan-e-Fuzuli*, a collection of lyrical poetry, and *Leyla ve Mecnun*, a tragic love story based on the famous Persian legend, which has become a cornerstone of Ottoman and Persian literature. His writing often delves into themes of love, loss, longing, and mysticism, drawing heavily from his Sufi beliefs.

The shrine of Fuzuli in Karbala, although not as widely recognized as other religious sites in the city, holds significant cultural importance for literary scholars and Sufi devotees. It serves as a symbol of his lasting impact on Turkish and Persian literature. The site is a place of respect for those who admire his poetic genius and his contributions to the intellectual heritage of the region.

With this, we seek your permission until tomorrow, tomorrow we will describe the biography of the scholar Muhammad bin Muhammad al-Fassi (Qutbul Ujud Imam Fassi) and the history of his shrine. Allah Hafiz.

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