Daud Bandagi Kirmani and his shrine | داؤد بندگی کرمانی کی سوانح عمری اور ان کے مزار کی تاریخ

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Biographay of Daud Bandagi Kirmani and the history of his shrine

Dekhti Aankhooon aur sountay kaanoon ko Asslamoalaikum, sisters, brothers friends and elders, in informative series videos of Islamic ascolars, sufisaints, cultural heritages, islamic philosophys, islamic mysticisms and historical figures. today we are describing biography of Daud Bandagi Kirmani and the history of his shrine.

Syed Muhammad Ibrahim alias Shaikh Daud Bandagi Kirmani was a famous 16th-century saint of the Qadiri order. His grandfather and great grandfather migrated from Kirman to Sitpur, Muzzafargarh in circa 1410. Muhammad Ibrahim was born in Sitpur in 1513 AD (919 AH). After receiving formal religious instruction in Dipalpur and Lahore at the hands of eminent scholars of the time, Shaikh Daud decided to relinquish all worldly and material pursuits and chose for himself the path of esotericism. Shaikh Daud, in the quest of spiritual enlightenment, spent years in extreme worship, complete solitude, and absolute self-denial. Although he obtained sainthood through the "Owaisi tariqat", that is, without recourse to any outward teacher or murshid, Shaikh Daud later joined the Qadiri Order at the hands of Shaikh Hamid Gillani Uchi at Satghara. After formally becoming a member of the influential Qadiri Silsilah, Daud Bandagi Kirmani established his khankah in the remote village of Shergarh (in present-day District Okara) which subsequently became the center of the Qadiri order and started to attract multitudes of people from all walks of life. Daud Bandagi Kirmani through his sanctity, egalitarianism, and compassion converted a large number of Jat and Rajput Hindu tribes of Punjab to Islam. Some of the tribes converted either fully or partially by the saint are, the Chatta's, Cheema's, Virk's, Bajwa's, Tarrar's, Sahi's, Wattoo's, Majhiana's, etc.

Some of the famous disciples of the saint were, Shah Abul Muali Kirmani Qadiri (his nephew and son-in-law), Mullah Abdul Qadir Badaoni (the famous historian during the time of Akbar), Shaikh Jalaluddin alias Behlol Dehlavi (the maternal ancestor of Maulana Abul Kalam Azad), Shaikh Abu Ishaq Muzangi, etc.

Daud Bandagi Kirmani was the 28th lineal descendant of Musa Al-Mubarqa the son of Imam Muhammad al-Taqi ibne Imam Ali al-Rida. The saint’s paternal grandfather, Syed Muhammad Mubarik, and, great grandfather, Mir Syed Faizullah Baqi migrated from Kirman, Iran to Sitpur, Muzzafargarh in circa AD 1410. Muhammad Ibrahim was born in Sitpur in AD 1513 (AH 919). After receiving formal religious instruction in Dipalpur and Lahore at the hands of eminent scholars of the time, Shaikh Daud decided to relinquish all worldly and material pursuits and chose for himself the path of asceticism. Shaikh Daud, in the quest of spiritual enlightenment, spent years in extreme worship, complete solitude and absolute self denial. Although Shaikh Daud obtained sainthood through the Awaisi tariqat, that is, without recourse to any outward teacher or murshid, he later joined the Qadiri Order at the hands of Shaikh Hamid Gillani Uchi at Satghara.

After formally becoming a member of the influential Qadiri Silsilah, Daud Bandagi Kirmani established his khanqah in the remote village of Shergarh (in present day District Okara, Punjab, Pakistan), situated between Lahore and Multan. Shergarh at that time was part of the Pargana of Jhenni, modern day Chunian, hence the saint is sometimes referred to as Shaikh Daud Jhenni Wal. Shergarh subsequently became the center of the Qadiri order and the saints Khanqah began to attract multitudes of people from all walks of life. The famous 16th century Muslim historian 'Abd al-Qadir Bada'uni visited the saint in AD 1572 and spent four days in Shergarh. The detailed account of his visit along with a biography of the saint is preserved in Volume II and III of his famous work, Muntakhab-ut-Tawarikh. According to Badaoni, the Mughal Emperor Jalaluddin Muhammad Akbar on his way to Pakpattan passed through Shergarh and after hearing about the sanctity and influence of the saint was desirous of meeting him. Akbar sent General Shahbaz Khan Kamboh, an important nobleman of the court, to the khanqah in order to obtain permission from the saint. Shaikh Daud, who never associated with those who possessed worldly power or wealth, sent Shahbaz Khan back with the message that he (Shaikh Daud) always remembered the Emperor in his prayers and thus there was no need for him (the Emperor) to come physically in his presence for the purpose of prayer and benediction.

Daud Bandagi Kirmani through his sanctity, egalitarianism and compassion converted a large number of Hindu Jat and Rajput tribes of the Punjab to Islam. Some of the tribes converted either fully or partially by the saint are, Chatta's, Cheema's, Virks, Hanjra, Dehotar, Warraich, Gurhai, Maan and Sansi in District Gujaranwala. In District Sialkot, Bajwa's, Basra's, Cheema's, Ghumman's, Kahlon's, Gurhai, Sahi and Sindhu. In district Sahiwal, Ihrar's, Haan's, Hutiana's, Majhiana's and Murdanay Baluch. Some of the well known disciples of the saint were, Shah Khairuddin Abul Muali Kirmani Qadiri[1][2](his nephew and son-in law), Mullah Abdul Qadir Badaoni (the famous historian during the time of Akbar and the author of Muntakhab-ut-Tawarikh), Shaikh Jamaluddin alias Shaikh Behlol Dehlavi (the maternal ancestor of Maulana Abul Kalam Azad ) and Shaikh Abu Ishaq Mozangi[3].

Shaikh Daud Bandagi Kirmani died in AD 1574-75 (982 AH). His immediate spiritual successor was his nephew and son in law, Shah Khairuddin Abul Muali (AD 1552 - AD 1615). Shah Abul Muali was a prolific writer and a poet. He was a renowned scholar of his time and authored many books on sufism and on the Qadiri sufi path. Most of his literary and poetic works are still extant and in print. Shah Abul Muali's poetic pen name was 'Ghurbati' and 'Musalmi'. Talib Amli, the famous Persian poet at the court of the Mughal Emperor Jehangir, was a devoted follower of Shah Abul Muali. Shaikh Faizi and Shaikh Abdul Haq Muhaddis Dehlavi also held him in very high regard.

Shah Abul Muali remained in Shergarh and controlled the affairs of the Khanqah till Syed Abdullah alias 'Naurang Noori', the son and successor of Shaikh Daud Bandagi, came of age. Abul Muali in AD 1602 left Shergarh for Lahore, where he spent the rest of his life. According to local folk lore he walked the entire distance, around 80 miles, without turning his back towards the shrine of his master, Daud Bandagi Kirmani. There are still small hamlets and wells between Shergarh and Lahore which bear the name of Shah Abul Muali marking the places in that journey where he rested. The shrine of Shah Abul Muali in Lahore has historically been an important center of religious festivities especially during the two eids and at the death anniversary of the saint.

The annual Urs celebrations of Hazrat Daud Bandagi Kirmani are held in Shergarh from the 13th to the 17th of March. Tens of thousands of devotees from all parts of the country throng in Shergarh to pay homage to the saint who brought their forefathers into the fold of Islam more than four centuries ago.

The mausoleum of Shaikh Daud Bandagi Kirmani in Shergarh is a splendid example of early Mughal architecture. The architect of the mausoleum, completed in AD 1580, was Ustad Baazid. His description of designing and building the shrine is extant in the 17th century hagiography of the saint, Maqamat-e-Daudi. The interior of the Husht Phelo (Octagonal) shrine is decorated with intricate Naqashi (floral and geometric wall frescoes). The eight interior alcoves and panels of the shrine are embellished with different naqashi patterns suggesting the unique signature work or style of the artists and artisans who with immense spiritual devotion built and decorated the shrine more than four centuries ago. On each of the eight interior lower alcoves are Persian couplets by Shah Abul Muali extolling the virtues of the saint. The grave of Hazrat Daud Bandagi is in an enclosure located in the center of the shrine with the graves of six of his lineal descendants (Sajjada Nashin's) on either side. The exterior of the shrine has panels of intricate stucco tracery Manabat Kari on all sides including the outer alcoves. The shrine, today, is under the care of the Auqaf Department and the Archeology Department of the Government of Punjab, Pakistan. In the 1980s extensive restoration work was done on the mausoleum by the Archeology Department. The work inside the shrine was mainly on the preservation of the Naqashi frescoes.

With that, please allow us until tomorrow, tomorrow we will be described biography of Islamic Scholar Sufi Sanit Dawud al-Qay?ari and the history of his shrine.
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