the history of the discovery of America

The discovery of America refers to a series of events beginning with the migration of Indigenous peoples from Asia over 15,000 years ago. These diverse cultures thrived across the continent long before European contact. In the late 10th century, Norse explorers like Leif Erikson reached parts of North America, notably establishing a settlement in Newfoundland.

The narrative shifted dramatically with the Age of Exploration in the late 15th century. In 1492, Christopher Columbus, sailing under the Spanish flag, reached the Bahamas, mistakenly believing he had found a new route to Asia. His voyage opened the door for subsequent European exploration and colonization, with figures like John Cabot and Hernán Cortés further expanding into the continent.

This period led to the establishment of Spanish, French, and English colonies, profoundly impacting indigenous populations through colonization, disease, and conflict. The Columbian Exchange facilitated a global transfer of goods and ideas, forever changing the landscape of both the Old and New Worlds. The term "discovery" is increasingly viewed as Eurocentric, acknowledging the rich histories of Native Americans who had long inhabited the land.