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Του Αγίου Ιουστίνου Απολογία Δευτέρα υπέρ Χριστιανών, ζ #SPQR #EDU #φιλοσοφία #ProLateranus
Του Αγίου Ιουστίνου Απολογία Δευτέρα υπέρ Χριστιανών, ζ #SPQR #EDU #φιλοσοφία #ProLateranus
http://allmylinks.com/ProVaticanus
Τοῦ αὐτοῦ ἁγίου Ἰουστίνον Φιλοσόφου καὶ Μάρτυρος Ἀπολογία ὑπὲρ Χριστιανῶν πρὸς τὴν Ῥωμαίων Σύγκλητον:
Ὅθεν καὶ ἐπιμένει ὁ θεὸς τὴν σύγχυσιν καὶ κατάλυσιν τοῦ παντὸς κόσμου μὴ ποιῆσαι, ἵνα καὶ οἱ φαῦλοι ἄγγελοι καὶ δαίμονες καὶ ἄνθρωποι μηκέτι ὦσι, διὰ τὸ σπέρμα τῶν Χριστιανῶν, ὃ γινώσκει ἐν τῇ φύσει ὅτι αἴτιόν ἐστιν.
ἐπεὶ εἰ μὴ τοῦτο ἦν, οὐκ ἂν οὐδὲ ὑμῖν ταῦτα ἔτι ποιεῖν καὶ ἐνεργεῖσθαι ὑπὸ τῶν φαύλων δαιμόνων δυνατὸν ἦν, ἀλλὰ τὸ πῦρ τὸ τῆς κρίσεως κατελθὸν ἀνέδην πάντα διέκρινεν, ὡς καὶ πρότερον ὁ κατακλυσμὸς μηδένα λιπὼν ἀλλ’ ἢ τὸν μόνον σὺν τοῖς ἰδίοις παρ’ ἡμῖν καλούμενον Νῶε, παρ’ ὑμῖν δὲ Δευκαλίωνα, ἐξ οὗ πάλιν οἱ τοσοῦτοι γεγόνασιν, ὧν οἱ μὲν φαῦλοι, οἱ δὲ σπουδαῖοι.
οὕτω γὰρ ἡμεῖς τὴν ἐκπύρωσίν φαμεν γενήσεσθαι, ἀλλ’ οὐχ, ὡς οἱ Στωϊκοί, κατὰ τὸν τῆς εἰς ἄλληλα πάντων μεταβολῆς λόγον, ὃ αἴσχιστον ἐφάνη· ἀλλ’ οὐδὲ καθ’ εἱμαρμένην πράττειν τοὺς ἀνθρώπους ἢ πάσχειν τὰ γινόμενα, ἀλλὰ κατὰ μὲν τὴν προαίρεσιν ἕκαστον κατορθοῦν ἢ ἁμαρτάνειν, καὶ κατὰ τὴν τῶν φαύλων δαιμόνων ἐνέργειαν τοὺς σπουδαίους, οἷον Σωκράτην καὶ τοὺς ὁμοίους, διώκεσθαι καὶ ἐν δεσμοῖς εἶναι, Σαρδανάπαλον δὲ καὶ Ἐπίκουρον καὶ τοὺς ὁμοίους ἐν ἀφθονίᾳ καὶ δόξῃ δοκεῖν εὐδαιμονεῖν.
ὃ μὴ νοήσαντες οἱ Στωϊκοὶ καθ’ εἱμαρμένης ἀνάγκην πάντα γίνεσθαι ἀπεφήναντο.
ἀλλ’ ὅτι αὐτεξούσιον τό τε τῶν ἀγγέλων γένος καὶ τῶν ἀνθρώπων τὴν ἀρχὴν ἐποίησεν ὁ θεός, δικαίως ὑπὲρ ὧν ἂν πλημμελήσωσι τὴν τιμωρίαν ἐν αἰωνίῳ πυρὶ κομίσονται.
γεννητοῦ δὲ παντὸς ἥδε ἡ φύσις, κακίας καὶ ἀρετῆς δεκτικὸν εἶναι· οὐ γὰρ ἂν ἦν ἐπαινετὸν οὐδὲν αὐτῶν, εἰ οὐκ ἦν ἐπ’ ἀμφότερα τρέπεσθαι καὶ δύναμιν εἶχε.
δεικνύουσι δὲ τοῦτο καὶ οἱ πανταχοῦ κατὰ λόγον τὸν ὀρθὸν νομοθετήσαντες καὶ φιλοσοφήσαντες ἄνθρωποι ἐκ τοῦ ὑπαγορεύειν τάδε μὲν πράττειν, τῶνδε δὲ ἀπέχεσθαι.
καὶ οἱ Στωϊκοὶ φιλόσοφοι ἐν τῷ περὶ ἠθῶν λόγῳ τὰ αὐτὰ τιμῶσι καρτερῶς, ὡς δηλοῦσθαι ἐν τῷ περὶ ἀρχῶν καὶ ἀσωμάτων λόγῳ οὐκ εὐοδοῦν αὐτούς.
εἴτε γὰρ καθ’ εἱμαρμένην φήσουσι τὰ γινόμενα πρὸς ἀνθρώπων γίνεσθαι, ἢ μηδὲν εἶναι θεὸν παρὰ τρεπόμενα καὶ ἀλλοιούμενα καὶ ἀναλυόμενα εἰς τὰ αὐτὰ ἀεί, φθαρτῶν μόνων φανήσονται κατάληψιν ἐσχηκέναι καὶ αὐτὸν τὸν θεὸν διά τε τῶν μερῶν καὶ διὰ τοῦ ὅλου ἐν πάσῃ κακίᾳ γινόμενον ἢ μηδὲν εἶναι κακίαν μηδ’ ἀρετήν· ὅπερ καὶ παρὰ πᾶσαν σώφρονα ἔννοιαν καὶ λόγον καὶ νοῦν ἐστι.
Ejusdem Justini Apologia Secunda Pro Christianis Ad Senatum Romanum.
Quapropter Deus propter Christianorum semen, quod in causa esse novit, cur rerum natura conservetur, tenet se ne confusionem inducat, et dissolutionem totius mundi, ita ut nulli jam improbi exstent angeli et dæmones et homines.
Nam nisi ita esset, non jam vobis hæc facere et a pravis dæmonibus incitari liceret; sed ignis judicii delapsus, nullo discrimine omnia dissolveret, quemadmodum olim diluvium, quod neminem reliquum fecit, præter unum cum suis apud nos vocatum Noe, apud vos Deucalionem, ex que rursus tanta hominum multitudo propagata est, partim improborum, partim bonorum.
Sic enim nos conflagrationem dicimus futuram, sed non, ut Stoici, secundum omnium rerum mutuæ in se invicem conversionis rationem; quod turpissimum videtur. Neque etiam fato homines agere aut ea quæ eveniunt pati, sed libero quemque arbitrio præclare agere aut peccare; bonos autem malorum dæmonum operatione, veluti Socratem et alios similes, vexari et in vinculis esse; contra Sardanapalum, Epicurum et alios ejusmodi in rerum omnium copia et splendore beatos videri.
Quod cum Stoici minus intelligerent, fati necessitate onmia fieri decreverunt. Quoniam autem Deus ab initio liberum angelorum et hominum genus creavit, merito eorum, quæ peccaverint, supplicia in æterno igne persolvent. Creatæ autem cujuslibet rei hæc natura est, ut virtutis et vitii sit capax; neque enim quidquam laudabile faceret, nisi sese in utramque partem vertendi facultatem haberet.
Atque id etiam declarant qui in qualibet regione apte ad rectam rationem leges tulere aut philosophati sunt, ex eo quod alia fieri præseribant, alia vitari. Hæc eadem constanter probant Stoici eum de moribus disputant; ut facile pateat in principiis et rebus incorporeis pertractandis non rectam eos viam insistere.
Nam si fato fieri dicent, quæ ab hominibus fiunt vel Deum nihil aliud esse statuent præter ea quæ vertuntur et immutantur et in eadem semper resolvuntur, sicque nullius rei, quæ quidem corruptioni non sit obnoxia, notionem habere, ac Deum ipsum tum per partes, tum per universum in omni miseria et nequitia constituere videbuntur; vel nihil esse vitium, neque virtutem; quod ab omni sana notione et ratione et mente alienum est.
Του Αγίου Ιουστίνου Απολογία Δευτέρα υπέρ Χριστιανών, ζ ; S. Justini Philosophi et Martyris Apologia secunda pro Christianis, VII; Cf. Migne, PG 6, 455-458.
https://tinyurl.com/MGVI455
Gratias ago tibi Deo per instrumenta de Toparc23 pro bono rei publicae, cf. (Creative Commons Acknowledgement) https://youtu.be/1XuYwoUdbSk
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