How Al-Qadir Billah become 25th Caliph of Abbasid Caliphate.

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How Al-Qadir Billah become 25th Caliph of Abbasid Caliphate.

Dekhti aankhon aur suntay kanon ko Asslamoalaikum, sisters brothers friends and elders In this informative video, we are describing the remarkable story of Al-Qadir Billah, the 25th Caliph of the Abbasid Caliphate. Through a detailed analysis of the socio-political landscape of the era, we highlight the key factors that contributed to his elevation to the caliphate. Describing the challenges he faced and the reforms he implemented during his reign.

In 991, the Buyid ruler of Iraq, Baha al-Dawla (r.?988–1012), deposed al-Ta'i, because the latter had been showing signs of independence. In his stead, Baha al-Dawla appointed al-Qadir to the caliphate on 22 November 991 (12 Ramadan 381 AH). The deposed al-Ta'i was kept in captivity until his death twelve years later. Despite their previous differences, al-Qadir treated his predecessor well: al-Ta'i was not blinded, as had been the case for previous deposed caliphs, and he was accorded the treatment due to a reigning caliph.

The accession of the new caliph was not without its troubles: on his way from Bathihah he was held up by Turkic soldiery who extracted promises of a donative payment, and the first solemn Friday sermon (khutba) in his name was likewise delayed by Turkic and Daylamite troops clamouring for money. At 45 years, al-Qadir was the oldest Abbasid caliph to ascend the throne; and it was expected that he would be a pliant figurehead. At first, al-Qadir indeed seemed to bear out this image, approving Baha al-Dawla's nominations of officials and supporting his policies. New titles were conferred on Baha al-Dawla, and al-Qadir even agreed to marry the Buyid's daughter, although in the event she died just before the wedding was to take place. Seeing him as a Buyid puppet, the dynasts of the eastern Islamic world delayed recognition, and it was not until 1000 that the Samanids and Ghaznavids recognized al-Qadir's caliphate. Even the Buyid emir Fakhr al-Dawla, who ruled large parts of central and northern Iran until his death in 997, refused to recognize al-Qadir, continuing to mint coins in al-Ta'i's name. The only independent actions taken during the first decade of his caliphate were the completion in 993/4 of a Friday mosque in the Harbiyya quarter of Baghdad, begun by his uncle al-Muti' (r.?946–974), and the public proclamation of his son Muhammad, then just eight or nine years old, as heir apparent, with the title of al-Ghalib Bi'llah, in 1001.

Al-Qadir faced two usurpation attempts during this time. About 998, a certain Abdallah ibn Ja'far, a close relative of the deposed al-Ta'i, pretended to be the escaped caliph in Gilan and even gained the backing of the local ruler for a time, before he was discovered. At about the same time, in Transoxiana, another distant cousin, Abdallah ibn Uthman, a descendant of the 9th-century caliph al-Wathiq, pretended to be al-Qadir's designated heir and won the support of the local Karakhanid ruler. Al-Qadir used the event as an excuse to publicly proclaim his son as heir, bypassing the need to seek Buyid approval. The Karakhanids soon recognized the Abbasid caliph's suzerainty for the first time, and dropped their support of the pretender. The pretender then arrived in Baghdad, where he secretly gathered support, before moving again to the east via Basra, Kufa, and Kirman. He was finally arrested by the Ghaznavids on al-Qadir's orders, and died in captivity.

Friends sisters brothers tomorow we will be described Relations with the Buyids of Al-Qadir Billah, 25th Caliph of Abbasid Caliphate., So permission for upto tomorow. Allah Hafiz

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