What Was The First Black Hole?

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Researched and Written by Leila Battison
Narrated and Edited by David Kelly
Incredible thumbnail art by Ettore Mazza, the GOAT: https://www.instagram.com/ettore.mazza/?hl=en

If you like our videos, check out Leila's Youtube channel:

https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCXIk7euOGq6jkptjTzEz5kQ

REFERENCES:

https://web.archive.org/web/20050511104943/http://www.mdtap.org/TT/1999.05/1-art.html
https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/resources/399/kuiper-belt-in-depth/
https://physicstoday.scitation.org/doi/10.1063/PT.3.4172
https://time.com/5199001/stephen-hawking-als/
https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/edu/news/2019/4/19/how-scientists-captured-the-first-image-of-a-black-hole/
https://www.rmg.co.uk/stories/topics/what-happens-if-you-fall-black-hole
https://www.space.com/testable-primordial-black-holes-theory
https://astronomy.com/news/2019/07/primordial-black-holes
https://arxiv.org/pdf/1810.12224.pdf
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Stephen-Hawking
https://ec.europa.eu/research-and-innovation/en/horizon-magazine/how-did-supermassive-black-holes-grow-so-fast
https://www.space.com/testable-primordial-black-holes-theory
https://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1971MNRAS.152...75H
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ac332d/meta
https://www.space.com/earliest-supermassive-black-hole-storm-discovered
https://science.nasa.gov/astrophysics/focus-areas/black-holes
https://astronomy.com/magazine/2019/08/a-brief-history-of-black-holes
https://news.wisc.edu/what-is-a-blazar/
https://arxiv.org/pdf/1909.11090.pdf
https://arxiv.org/abs/1711.10458
https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.11172
https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=nZLMWpujVUcC&redir_esc=y
https://www.astronomy.ohio-state.edu/ryden.1/ast162_7/notes31.html
https://lweb.cfa.harvard.edu/seuforum/bh_whatare.htm
https://scitechdaily.com/meet-sagittarius-a-astronomers-reveal-first-image-of-the-black-hole-at-the-heart-of-the-milky-way/

Huge thanks to the IllustrisTNG collaboration for footage of their simulation.

Thanks to NASA and ESO for space footage.

Stock footage from Videoblocks and Artgrid.

Soundtrack from Silver Maple, Artlist and Epidemic Sound.

Image Credits:

Cygnus By T.A. Rector (University of Alaska Anchorage) and H. Schweiker (WIYN and NOIRLab/NSF/AURA) - https://noirlab.edu/public/images/noao-cyg_x1/, CC BY 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=106094689

Keiper Belt NASA/GSFC/Marc Kuchner and Christopher Stark

La Silla By ESO/José Francisco Salgado - http://www.eso.org/public/images/potw1319a/, CC BY 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=26059347

Sedna Orbit By Tomruen - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=60453344

Planet 9 nagualdesign; Tom Ruen, background taken from File:ESO - Milky Way.jpg, CC BY-SA 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0, via Wikimedia Commons

Milky way halo By ESO/L. Calçada - http://www.eso.org/public/images/eso1217a/, CC BY 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=26366780

Virgo Cluster By Pablo Carlos Budassi - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=94421982

M87 Galaxy By Chris Mihos (Case Western Reserve University)/ESO - http://www.eso.org/public/images/eso1525a/, CC BY 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=41184851

GURT By Serge Yerin (YeS) - Own work, CC BY 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=84488536

Large Milimeter Telescope By panza.rayada, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=53438718

Very Large Array By CGP Grey - 2009-08-24T14-15-41 -- DSC_0013 4892860281, CC BY 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=37019504

Event Horizon Telescopes By The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration - (2019). "First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. I. The Shadow of the Supermassive Black Hole". The Astrophysical Journal 875 (1). DOI:10.3847/2041-8213/ab0ec7. ISSN 20418213. Figure 1, CC BY 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=77916273

Event Horizon Infographic By ALMA, CC BY 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=106758965

ton 618 By Sloan Digital Sky Survey, Apache Point Observatory, Astrophysical Research Consortium - http://aladin.u-strasbg.fr/AladinLite/?target=Ton%20%20618&fov=0.033334&survey=P%2fSDSS9%2fcolor, CC BY 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=97489739

Black Hole Eats Star Credit: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center/Chris Smith (USRA/GESTAR)

Universe Simulation NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center and the Advanced Visualization Laboratory at the National Center for Supercomputing

00:00 Introduction
06:14 The First Black Hole
15:13 Supermassive
26:11 Before Atoms
34:22 Finding The Needle