Recovery of Tulunid Syria and Egypt in Reign of Al-Muktafi 17th Caliph of Abbasid Caliphate.

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Recovery of Tulunid Syria and Egypt in Reign of Al-Muktafi 17th Caliph of Abbasid Caliphate.

Asslamoalaikum sisters brothers friends and elders, We are describing the fascinating history of the recovery of Tulunid Syria and Egypt during the reign of Al-Muktafi, the 17th Caliph of the Abbasid Caliphate. This islamic historical educational video delves into the political and military strategies employed during this period, shedding light on the complex dynamics of power in the Middle East.
Please be with us upto end of this video as we uncover the key events and figures that shaped the recovery of Tulunid territories, and get to know how Al-Muktafi played a pivotal role in consolidating Abbasid authority in the region. Get to know the challenges faced by the Abbasid Caliphate and the strategies that ultimately led to their success in reclaiming lost territories.
Whether you are a history enthusiast or simply curious about this intriguing period in Islamic history, this video offers a comprehensive overview of the recovery of Tulunid Syria and Egypt under the leadership of Al-Muktafi. Don't miss out on this opportunity to get to know of this important chapter in the history of the Middle East.

The defeat of the Qarmatians at Hama also opened the way for the Abbasids to recover the provinces of southern Syria and Egypt, held by the Tulunid dynasty. The Tulunid regime had already been weakened by internal strife and the rivalries of the various ethnic groups in the army, which led to the defection of the commander Badr al-Hammami and other senior officers to the Abbasids; the regime was further weakened by the destructive raids of the Qarmatians and its inability to deal with it. On 24 May 904, Muhammad ibn Sulayman left Baghdad at the head of an army, numbering 10,000 according to al-Tabari, and tasked with recovering southern Syria and Egypt itself from the Tulunids. His campaign was to be assisted from the sea by a fleet from the frontier districts of Cilicia under Damian of Tarsus. Damian led a fleet up the river Nile, raided its coasts, and prevented supplies for the Tulunid forces from being ferried over it.

The Abbasid advance was mostly unopposed, and in December, the Tulunid emir Harun ibn Khumarawayh was murdered by his uncles Ali and Shayban. Shayban took over the reins of the state, but the murder caused further defections to the Abbasids, including the governor of Damascus, Tughj ibn Juff. In January, the Abbasid army arrived before Fustat, the old capital of Egypt. Shayban abandoned his troops during the night, and the city surrendered. The victorious Abbasids razed the nearby Tulunid-founded capital al-Qata'i, with the exception of the great Mosque of Ibn Tulun. The members of the Tulunid family and their leading adherents were arrested and brought to Baghdad, while their properties were confiscated.Isa al-Nushari was appointed governor of Egypt. His tenure was troubled from the start: within months, he was forced to abandon Fustat and flee to Alexandria due to a secessionist rebellion under a certain Ibrahim al-Khalanji. He was possibly the same person as a certain Muhammad ibn Ali al-Khalij, who is also recorded to have led a pro-Tulunid revolt at about the same time. Reinforcements arrived from Baghdad under Ahmad ibn Kayghalagh. Al-Khalanji proved victorious in the first encounter with Ibn Kayghalagh at al-Arish in December 905, but in the end he was defeated and captured in May 906 and brought prisoner to Baghdad.

In 906, al-Muktafi married a daughter of the second Tulunid ruler, Khumarawayh. She was probably a half-sister of the famous Qatr al-Nada, another daughter of Khumarawayh who was intended for him but ended up being married to his father in 893.
Byzantine front
Al-Muktafi also kept up the perennial conflict with the Byzantine Empire, with varying success.In May 902, al-Qasim ibn Sima al-Farghani was appointed to command of the frontier districts of the Jazira. In 902 or 903, a naval raid reached the island of Lemnos, dangerously close to the Byzantine capital, Constantinople; the island was plundered and its inhabitants carried off into slavery.Nevertheless, in May 903, the newly appointed governor of Tarsus, Abu'l-Asha'ir Ahmad ibn Nasr, was dispatched to the frontier districts with gifts for the Byzantine ruler, Leo VI the Wise ), and in return, Byzantine envoys arrived in Baghdad for negotiations on a prisoner exchange. The exchange eventually took place in September–October 905, at the river Lamus in Cilicia, but was interrupted because the Byzantines reneged on the agreed terms. After further negotiations, the exchange was completed in August 908.

So friends towmorow we will be described Byzantine renegade Mr Leo and account of the city of Thessalonica siege and fall.

Allah Hafiz

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