Introduction to Subsea Flow Assurance in Subsea Pipelines

Flow assurance is an engineering analysis process that is used to ensure that hydrocarbon fluids are transmitted economically from the reservoir to the end user over the life of a project in any environment. Flow assurance analysis is a recognized critical part of the design and operation of subsea oil/gas systems. Flow assurance challenges focus mainly on the prevention and control of solid deposits that could potentially block the flow of product. The solids of concern generally are hydrates, wax, and asphaltenes. Sometimes scale and sand are also included. Flow assurance has become more challenging in recent years in subsea field developments involving long-distance tie-backs and deepwater. The challenges include a combination of low temperature, high hydrostatic pressure for deepwater and economic reasons for long offsets. The solutions to solids deposition problems in subsea systems are different for gas versus oil systems. Flow assurance is only successful when the operations generate a reliable, manageable, and profitable flow of hydrocarbon fluids from the reservoir to the end user.

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