Andrei Nikolaevich Tupolev was born 135 years ago. ​

In 1908 he entered the Imperial Technical School in Moscow. During his studies he began to study in the aviation club of Nikolai Egorovich Zhukovsky. In 1916-1918 he participated in the work of the first aeronautical calculation bureau in Russia and designed the first wind tunnels in the school.
In 1918, Tupolev graduated with honors from the Moscow Higher Technical School and together with Zhukovsky became the organizer and one of the leaders of the Central Aerohydrodynamics Institute (TsAGI). In 1922-1936 Tupolev was one of the creators of the scientific and technical base of the TsAGI, the developer of projects for numerous laboratories, wind tunnels, an experimental hydraulic channel and the country's first pilot plant for all-metal aircraft construction. From 1930 he became the chief designer of the TsAGI.
In 1922 he organized and headed the first experimental aircraft design bureau in the USSR. Already in 1923 the OKB built the first light aircraft of mixed design ANT-1, in 1924 the first Soviet all-metal aircraft ANT-2, in 1925 the first mass-built all-metal fighter aircraft ANT-3 and the first all-metal ANT-4 monoplane bomber. The OKB was separated from the TsAGI in 1936. From 1943 he became Chief Designer of the Aircraft Design Bureau No. 156. In 1956 he was appointed general designer of the Soviet aircraft industry. Under his direct leadership, over 100 types of aircraft were developed, 70 of which were mass-produced.
Andrei Tupolev is a full member of the USSR Academy of Sciences. Decorated 3 times Hero of Socialist Labor, holder of 8 Orders of Lenin, 2 Orders of the Red Banner of Labor, 2 Orders of the October Revolution, Order of Suvorov II degree, Order of the Patriotic War I degree, Red Star, "Badge of 'Honor". Winner of the Lenin Prize, five state prizes of the USSR.
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