lunar landing

Descent and Approach: As the spacecraft approaches the Moon, it enters its gravitational sphere of influence. The spacecraft's velocity is gradually decreased as it performs a series of engine burns to adjust its trajectory and align with the desired landing site. This phase requires precise calculations to ensure that the spacecraft is on the correct trajectory for landing.

Powered Descent: Once the spacecraft is in the vicinity of the Moon's surface, a powered descent phase begins. The spacecraft's engines are fired to slow down its descent and control its rate of approach. The guidance systems onboard the spacecraft use data from various sensors to adjust the descent trajectory in real-time and ensure a safe landing.