black hole massive shreds passing stars

This artist's rendering illustrates new findings about a star
shredded by a black hole. When a star wanders too close
to a black hole, intense tidal forces rip the star apart. In
these events, called "tidal disruptions" some of the stellar
debris is flung outward at high speed while the rest falls
toward the black hole. This causes a distinct X-ray flare
that can last for a few years. NASA's Chandra X-ray
Observatory, Swift Gamma-ray Burst Explorer, and ESA/
NASA's XMM-Newton collected different pieces of this
astronomical puzzle in a tidal disruption event called
ASASSN-14li, which was found in an optical search by the
All-Sky Automated Survey for Supernovae (ASAS-SN) in
November 2014. The event occurred near a supermassive
black hole estimated to weigh a few million times the
mass of the sun in the center of PGC 043234, a galaxy
that lies about 290 million light-years away. Astronomers
hope to find more events like ASASSN-14li to test
theoretical models about how black holes affect their
enviionments.
During the tidal disruption event, filaments containing
much of the star's mass fall toward the black hole.
Eventually these gaseous filaments merge into a smooth,
hot disk glowing brightly in X-rays. As the disk forms, its
central region heats up tremendously, which drives a flow
of material, called a wind, away from the disk.