HONDA & TOYOTA Join To Build MOON Car + Nissan Rover

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The Lunar Cruiser is a crewed pressurized rover being developed jointly by JAXA and Toyota that astronauts can drive on the Moon.[1] The Lunar Cruiser is being developed as a part of NASA's Artemis Program and will enable astronaut crews to take trips across the Moon lasting up to 45 days.[2] Named after the Toyota Land Cruiser, its name was chosen "because of the familiar feeling it offers the people involved in the development and manufacture of the vehicle prototype as part of the joint research project as well as the familiarity it will provide the general public." The rover is currently being manufactured, with an expected launch date in the latter half of the 2020s. The rover itself will use fuel-cell electric-vehicle technologies.

TOKYO -- Honda Motor will join the development of a lunar rover by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Nikkei has learned.

Toyota Motor has also been cooperating with JAXA on this project. The agency hopes to boost the development of the vehicle by utilizing Honda's fuel cell technology.

The vehicle will be launched in 2029 under the U.S.-led manned lunar exploration project, dubbed the Artemis Program. The U.S. has been successful in the development of space technology by utilizing private companies. Japan will also work with companies to raise the international competitiveness of its space development.

JAXA has selected Honda as a new partner to develop a fuel cell system for a manned lunar exploration vehicle by Friday. Toyota will be responsible for the overall design of the vehicle.

The vehicle will be 6 meters long, about the size of two microbuses, and is expected to carry two passengers. The vehicle will be able to travel 1,000 kilometers on a full tank of hydrogen and oxygen. It will be used not only by Japan, but also by the U.S., Canada and other countries participating in the Artemis Program.

There are many obstacles to driving on the moon. It is necessary to ensure components' durability against temperatures that can change dramatically from minus 170 degrees Celsius to plus 120, and against radiation from the moon's surface. Special tires are also needed to drive on the soft "lunar sand" that covers the surface.

Honda has been developing fuel cells since the late 1980s. Its strengths include miniaturization technology for systems that generate hydrogen through electrolysis of water. Since exploration vehicles will be mounted on rockets, it is important to keep them small and light. The company is aiming to launch a small rocket by 2030 and will accumulate space-related technologies by participating in the development of the rover.

The Artemis Project will be the first lunar exploration in about 50 years, since the Apollo missions. It aims to send a spacecraft carrying astronauts into lunar orbit in 2024, followed by a lunar landing in 2025 or later. The first unmanned spacecraft was scheduled for launch at the end of August this year but was postponed due to engine failure and other problems.

YOKOHAMA, Japan – Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. today unveiled a lunar rover prototype jointly developed with the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) at its Nissan Futures event here.

The JAXA Space Exploration Innovation Hub Center is conducting research on lunar rovers — a key technology for space exploration. Nissan has been working with JAXA on driving controllability of the rovers since January 2020.

A lunar rover must be able to traverse the moon’s powdery, rocky and undulating terrain and be energy efficient. Furthermore, energy sources for operating vehicles in space are limited.

Nissan’s research applies the motor control technology it has developed through its production of mass-market electric vehicles such as the LEAF as well as the e-4ORCE all-wheel control technology featured on the all-new Ariya electric crossover. In particular, it is e-4ORCE that is boosting the lunar rover’s performance over tricky terrain.