Waves, Sound and Physical Optics (Physics, AP, VCE, JEE, NEET, IB)

This video explains waves and wave pulses, including sound and electromagnetic waves, properties (wavelength, frequency, period, amplitude), the derivation of wave speed in a string, speed of sound in different mediums (solids, liquids and gases), compression and rarefaction, transverse vs longitudinal waves, wave amplitude and energy carried by a wave. Wave on a string simulator https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/wave-on-a-string/latest/wave-on-a-string_all.html 0:00 Intro to waves and wave pulses 6:44 Wave speed in a string, derivation 14:31 Speed of sound in different mediums 20:02 Transverse vs longitudinal waves 22:55 Wave amplitude and energy

This video explains periodic waves, including sound waves represented as sinusoidal waves (similar to the harmonic oscillator) with a pressure vs distance and time, amplitude, frequency and wavelength. The relationship between wavelength and frequency is obtained using the wave speed. Conversion from pressure to the decibel scale and the relationship between frequency and pitch are also explained.

This video explains the behavior of waves or wave pulses at boundaries and polarization, including transmitted and reflected waves at medium interfaces with different masses and velocities, what do you mean by polarization of electromagnetic waves in simple words using a polarizer, reflection and refraction example, and quantifying the effect of polarization on intensity using Malus' law. You will understand what happens when a wave reaches a boundary, and the meaning of wave polarization. Wave behaviour at boundaries simulation https://www.physicsclassroom.com/Physics-Interactives/Waves-and-Sound/Boundary-Behavior/Boundary-Behavior-Simulation Polarisation of light simulation https://ophysics.com/l3.html 0:00 Wave behaviour at boundaries and simulation 4:42 Polarization of waves and simulation 12:40 Wave polarization, intensity and Malus' law

This video explains the electromagnetic spectrum, including how to remember the 7 types of categories (radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, x-rays, gamma rays), and which color has the highest frequency. The energy density of an electromagnetic wave using an inductor capacitor (LC) circuit. 0:00 Electromagnetic waves 3:29 Electromagnetic spectrum 8:14 Energy density of EM wave

This video explains the doppler effect in simple terms, including meaning, definition, diagram, example, formula or equation. The doppler effect proves that the relative motion between a wave source and observer results in a change in the observed frequency. 0:00 Doppler effect 6:46 Worked example

This video explains and demonstrates how wave interference produces standing waves in a sound medium (e.g. tube or pipe) and on a string, including the harmonics and wavelengths, simulation (gif), and how they behave given different boundary conditions. The main reason that standing waves occur is due to resonance (when the input vibration into the system matches the resonant frequency). Standing waves affect sound by increasing the amplitude or loudness. The underlying principle of beats is also covered including how the beat formula is derived. Wave on a string simulation https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/wave-on-a-string/latest/wave-on-a-string_all.html 0:00 Wave interference 5:07 Beats and tuning forks 10:01 Standing waves 18:30 Standing waves in tubes

This video explains the diffraction of light waves using a single slit interference experiment and the Huygens-Fresnel principle, including equation, formula, interference pattern, diagram or graph of light intensity and simulation with different opening shapes. You will understand how it works and the aim of the experiment. Diffraction and wave interference simulation https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/wave-interference/latest/wave-interference_all.html 0:00 Diffraction of light 2:51 Single slit experiment 9:12 Diffraction simulation 11:27 Example

This video explains Young's double-slit experiment vs diffraction grating, including the diagram, equation, what did it prove, demonstrate the concept of interference and diffraction, simplifications, interference pattern, intensity profile obtained from the single-slit experiment, lines per mm, white light and calculations of the bright and dark fringes with different orders of brightness. 0:00 Young's double-slit experiment 10:43 Diffraction grating 15:32 Worked examples

This video explains thin-film interference, including the phase change of light, derivation of constructive and destructive interference equations, diagram of light waves demonstrating the pi shift, practical examples (e.g. soap bubbles, oil film, simple anti-reflection coatings with the minimum thickness), and worked example practice problem and solution. 0:00 Phase change of light 3:38 Thin-film interference equations derived 13:21 Practical examples 19:16 Worked example