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All studies are linked to on the main article on this topic: https://timtruth.substack.com/p/ultimate-guide-to-anti-fertility More articles on this topic: 3 Disturbing Studies On Decreased Sperm Counts, Decreased Sperm Motility & Increased % Abnormal Sperm Post-Ivermectin: https://timtruth.substack.com/p/ivermectin-vs-sperm-3-disturbing "CLASTOGENIC" - 18 Studies Highlighting Ivermectin Induced DNA Breakage, Damage & Related Disorders https://timtruth.substack.com/p/clastogenic-18-studies-highlighting 6 More Animal Ivermectin Studies Showing Negative Fertility Effects! Depopulation?! https://timtruth.substack.com/p/5-more-animal-ivermectin-studies P-glycoprotein Deficiency (Genetic Or Drug Induced) & Increased Ivermectin Toxicity https://timtruth.substack.com/p/p-glycoprotein-deficiency-genetic Pig Study Raises MAJOR Questions Of Dangers Of Combining Quercetin & Toxic Pgp Substrates like Ivermectin https://timtruth.substack.com/p/pig-study-raises-major-questions Ivermectin, WHO, UN, Merck, The World Bank & Kissinger's World Population Plan Of Action: https://timtruth.substack.com/p/ivermectin-merck-the-world-bank-and Ivermectin Is Cytotoxic & Genotoxic (Damaging To Cells And DNA) & Possibly Carcinogenic (Cancer Causing) https://timtruth.substack.com/p/ivermectin-is-cytotoxic-and-genotoxic Ivermectin Is So Toxic It Kills Most Mosquitoes That Feed On Its Users For 4 Days After?! https://timtruth.substack.com/p/ivermectin-is-so-toxic-it-kills-most Studies Find Quercetin & Natto K2 INHIBIT P-Glycoprotein; Will This Increase Ivermectin Toxicity Susceptibility?! https://timtruth.substack.com/p/studies-find-nattokinase-and-quercetin 2 Concerning Studies: CBD & THC Enact Potent P-Glycoprotein Inhibiting Effects, Raising Very Concerning Questions About Heightened Ivermectin Toxicity For Marijuana Users https://timtruth.substack.com/p/2-concerning-studies-cbd-and-thc Grapefruit's Irreversible Inactivation of Key Defense Against Toxic Effects Of Many Drugs (Ivermectin Binary Weapon) https://timtruth.substack.com/p/grapefruits-irreversible-inactivation

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Copyright Disclaimer Under Section 107 of the Copyright Act 1976, allowance is made for "fair use" for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching, scholarship, and research. Fair use is a use permitted by copyright statute that might otherwise be infringing. Non-profit, educational or personal use tips the balance in favor of fair use. Also for entertainment and educational purposes. All rights to the original works go to those that hold them, no copyright infringement intended. All material used falls under fair use of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (1998) for commentary, criticism, education and satire. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- . Description/Info Box: --------------------- . Title: Near Infrared Light Agenda . #ManipulateNeurons #NIR #ControllingGenesWithLight #MIT #LightIsWeapon #UniversityPittsburg #DNAManipulation #CRISPR #GeneEditing #JohnHopkins . See, I KNEW that even the android was taking pictures. Now whether this are pics or flashes of mind control lights, that I don't know. Anyone? . JUST TERRIBLE. LIGHT IS A WEAPON! . . . ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- . . Source: "OurFreeSociety" https://old.bitchute.com/video/nKG8hEHZ2cni/ . . ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- . . This channel is not paid by any third party to promote anything You can always donate to me or my channel. All help is very much appreciated. https://paypal.me/kbenweg Or you can give a cup of coffee/sandwich to someone in need... (This would bring me even more joy) . Thank you for watching, God bless, and I love you all!!! 🙏 . . ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- . . Subscribe to other channels: . Free Your Mind Videos https://rumble.com/c/FYMVideos Only if Rumble is down (or deletes) videos, those will be posted on the Backup Channels! Backup Channel on Odysee: https://odysee.com/@Tim:ab74 Backup Channel on Bitchute: https://www.bitchute.com/channel/ThkAWbd3XR2T/ . Christian Teachings And Documentaries https://rumble.com/c/c-1328393 . Sound The Trumpet Ministries: https://rumble.com/c/c-1123613 . Praise & Worship Music: https://rumble.com/c/c-3348236 . Telegram Channel: "Blocked & Banned" https://t.me/BlockedAndBanned => Group chat added where everyone can comment! https://t.me/BlockedAndBanned1 . . ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- . NOTE: These are not necessarily the beliefs of the uploader. Discernment is required to see the Truth in all of it. Jesus is the Way, the Truth and the Life. Jesus Christ is the Light that came into the world. There is NO other name by which you can be saved! Repent, be baptized and Born Again! . COMMENT ✅ THUMBSUP 👍🏻 SUBSCRIBE ⚠️ AND BE NOTIFIED 🙋🏼 . COMMENT POLICY: Thanks for watching 👍 Please keep comments on topic and value-add. Comments, where it is obvious the person did not watch the video, will be deleted. Comments containing arrested-developed behavior (nastiness, belligerence, stupidity, trolling, spam, links, etc.) will also be deleted (without notice) and banned from the channel. No self-promotion/advertising! . If my posts ruffled your feathers. Don't be a chicken! Take it before God and make the changes you need to better your life. God bless you 🙏 . Making tantrums about why you're unsubscribing: If i notice your cry for help i will do anything possible (mute/block/ban) To make sure you don't get back here by mistake, for your safety. Opposing views will be posted and feelings will get hurt. So this channel is NOT a safe space for you!! Hope you find better pasture somewhere else . -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

AGE OF DECEIT 4 Eschaton Cipher and the Counterfeit Ledger of Life Technology has and continues to change our lives. But few are ready for the inevitable moment when computers become “alive.” While a common theme in science fiction, many believe we are still decades or centuries away from this moment. But with the combining advent of Artificial Intelligence, Blockchain Networks, and Quantum Computing, the evidence suggests that we are extremely close to witnessing the scientific establishment of emergent intelligences. When cellular intelligence in biological systems are replicated by computing mechanisms that mimic their properties, the distinction between the conscious and unconscious will dissolve. An inanimate object will receive breath, speak, and even rule, just as described in the final book of the Holy Ancient Scriptures. This film explores blockchain networks like Bitcoin of its emergent biological properties and compares them to the eschatological beasts of Daniel and Revelation. With AI and Quantum computing added to such developments, it seems certain that films like this one will eventually be completely obsolete. Yet, it only validates the underlying thesis, that all of it is preordained and laid out in the Word of God! Christ is King! He alone will restore this fallen world! A film by Gonzo Shimura @FaceLikeTheSun Written by Gonzo Shimura Produced by the Canary Cry Focus Group @CanaryCryRadio https://AOD.VIDEO https://CANARYCRY.SUPPORT

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Copyright Disclaimer Under Section 107 of the Copyright Act 1976, allowance is made for "fair use" for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching, scholarship, and research. Fair use is a use permitted by copyright statute that might otherwise be infringing. Non-profit, educational or personal use tips the balance in favor of fair use. Also for entertainment and educational purposes. All rights to the original works go to those that hold them, no copyright infringement intended. All material used falls under fair use of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (1998) for commentary, criticism, education and satire. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- . Description/Info Box: --------------------- . Title: LED Light Bulbs are wrecking your Biofield . LED Light Bulbs are wrecking your Biofield . https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5C4VxHQoG54 . Dr Robert young is a scientist and an Authors/ DrRobertyoung.com Zombie Blood Apocalypse Human Biofield and chakra Photon interference photography you can document the existence of the vortexing chakras. Does the body have an aura or does the aura have a body or does the body have a biofield or does the biofield or the aura have a body. Another way to say that does the spirit have a body or does the body have a spirit. This is really important because of the technology that is out there. The electro-magnetic technology which affects our aura and the energy fields of our body, they are disruptive. Its effecting our biofield and closing up these vortexes and leading to some serious health challenges. Every technology today is disruptive to the human biofield that has a body therefore it affects the heart, brain, lungs, and this is what Dr. Robert Young is seeing by using Photo Interference Photography. This is understood by nano technologist by using micron and milli micron technology with this label which is something good modern day wireless healthcare wireless electrical treatment and these type of things and people are being harmed by this technology. The evidence is in the blood, the evidence is what’s happening to the cells and the membranes and the deterioration of that. So, Is the human biofield affected by radio waves and microwave radiation and the answer is yes. Its been going on for hundreds of years it brought forth a theory to justify planned demic such as the Spanish flu, the polio planned demic, the Ebola planned demic, the HIV planned demic, and now the Covid planned demic. These are all technological engineered manifestation of the human biofield being disturbed by the introduction of various technologies radio waves and microwaves ect. So, we are talking not just 5G, not just 6G, 4G, 3G, 2G, we are talking about any form of man-made electrical magnetic frequency fields that are being generated that are ultimately harmful to the human body. Another evidence of the effects is the Havana effect. Another is Direct Energy weapons which is being used for evil not good. You see the devastation in various parts of the world. Individually WIFI is affecting our human biofield that is affecting the health and vitality of every cell in the human body. From that effect we are seeing the degeneration of the cell membrane which is giving rise to the Corona effect. This is a death cult we are dealing with. . The inside of a cell needs to be more negatively charged than the outside. If a powerful foreign influence disrupts the natural voltage gate adjustments made on the membrane walls, an unhealthy pH (acid/alkaline) interior environment is created as the gates are forced to open or close and let too many exchanges happen The EPRI states that 60 percent of primary current is expected to flow back over the earth” through the grid’s multi-grounded syst . . . ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- . . Source: "Sparemethelies" https://old.bitchute.com/video/SDEXlKBXpew9/ . . ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- . . This channel is not paid by any third party to promote anything You can always donate to me or my channel. All help is very much appreciated. https://paypal.me/kbenweg Or you can give a cup of coffee/sandwich to someone in need... (This would bring me even more joy) . Thank you for watching, God bless, and I love you all!!! 🙏 . . ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- . . Subscribe to other channels: . Free Your Mind Videos https://rumble.com/c/FYMVideos Only if Rumble is down (or deletes) videos, those will be posted on the Backup Channels! Backup Channel on Odysee: https://odysee.com/@Tim:ab74 Backup Channel on Bitchute: https://www.bitchute.com/channel/ThkAWbd3XR2T/ . Christian Teachings And Documentaries https://rumble.com/c/c-1328393 . Sound The Trumpet Ministries: https://rumble.com/c/c-1123613 . Praise & Worship Music: https://rumble.com/c/c-3348236 . Telegram Channel: "Blocked & Banned" https://t.me/BlockedAndBanned => Group chat added where everyone can comment! https://t.me/BlockedAndBanned1 . . ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- . NOTE: These are not necessarily the beliefs of the uploader. Discernment is required to see the Truth in all of it. Jesus is the Way, the Truth and the Life. Jesus Christ is the Light that came into the world. There is NO other name by which you can be saved! Repent, be baptized and Born Again! . COMMENT ✅ THUMBSUP 👍🏻 SUBSCRIBE ⚠️ AND BE NOTIFIED 🙋🏼 . COMMENT POLICY: Thanks for watching 👍 Please keep comments on topic and value-add. Comments, where it is obvious the person did not watch the video, will be deleted. Comments containing arrested-developed behavior (nastiness, belligerence, stupidity, trolling, spam, links, etc.) will also be deleted (without notice) and banned from the channel. No self-promotion/advertising! . If my posts ruffled your feathers. Don't be a chicken! Take it before God and make the changes you need to better your life. God bless you 🙏 . Making tantrums about why you're unsubscribing: If i notice your cry for help i will do anything possible (mute/block/ban) To make sure you don't get back here by mistake, for your safety. Opposing views will be posted and feelings will get hurt. So this channel is NOT a safe space for you!! Hope you find better pasture somewhere else . -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

watch this video please https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hfyh4bU-lb4&t=1149s Girl dies and speaks to Jesus about MARK OF BEAST https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D9ZRimhc3Aw&t=524s WE KNEW THIS WOULD COME BUT GOD GAVE YOU POWER OVER THESE THINGS! GET YOUR MONEY OUT OF THE BANK AND GET GOLD AND SILVER IN YOUR HANDS CLOCK IS TICKING. REAL GOLD NOT FIAT PAPER OR 1S AND 0S www.Richielikesgold.com https://kfor.com/news/local/multiple-people-report-odd-symptoms-following-mosquito-bites-in-oklahoma-city/?ipid=promo-link-block1 CONFUSION IN CHRISTIANITY https://store.bookbaby.com/book/confusion-in-christianity RFB FAN PAGE https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8Y6Ha8qa4BY&t=169s

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Copyright Disclaimer Under Section 107 of the Copyright Act 1976, allowance is made for "fair use" for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching, scholarship, and research. Fair use is a use permitted by copyright statute that might otherwise be infringing. Non-profit, educational or personal use tips the balance in favor of fair use. Also for entertainment and educational purposes. All rights to the original works go to those that hold them, no copyright infringement intended. All material used falls under fair use of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (1998) for commentary, criticism, education and satire. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- . Description/Info Box: --------------------- . Title: ⛔️YOU ARE BEING MIND CONTROLLED WITH YOUR LED ELECTRONICS . LED lights are part of the genocide program . . . ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- . . Source: "Shadow Works" https://old.bitchute.com/video/qNdv8g112EM5 . . ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- . . This channel is not paid by any third party to promote anything You can always donate to me or my channel. All help is very much appreciated. https://paypal.me/kbenweg Or you can give a cup of coffee/sandwich to someone in need... (This would bring me even more joy) . Thank you for watching, God bless, and I love you all!!! 🙏 . . ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- . . Subscribe to other channels: . Free Your Mind Videos https://rumble.com/c/FYMVideos Only if Rumble is down (or deletes) videos, those will be posted on the Backup Channels! Backup Channel on Odysee: https://odysee.com/@Tim:ab74 Backup Channel on Bitchute: https://www.bitchute.com/channel/ThkAWbd3XR2T/ . Christian Teachings And Documentaries https://rumble.com/c/c-1328393 . Sound The Trumpet Ministries: https://rumble.com/c/c-1123613 . Praise & Worship Music: https://rumble.com/c/c-3348236 . Telegram Channel: "Blocked & Banned" https://t.me/BlockedAndBanned => Group chat added where everyone can comment! https://t.me/BlockedAndBanned1 . . ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- . NOTE: These are not necessarily the beliefs of the uploader. Discernment is required to see the Truth in all of it. Jesus is the Way, the Truth and the Life. Jesus Christ is the Light that came into the world. There is NO other name by which you can be saved! Repent, be baptized and Born Again! . COMMENT ✅ THUMBSUP 👍🏻 SUBSCRIBE ⚠️ AND BE NOTIFIED 🙋🏼 . COMMENT POLICY: Thanks for watching 👍 Please keep comments on topic and value-add. Comments, where it is obvious the person did not watch the video, will be deleted. Comments containing arrested-developed behavior (nastiness, belligerence, stupidity, trolling, spam, links, etc.) will also be deleted (without notice) and banned from the channel. No self-promotion/advertising! . If my posts ruffled your feathers. Don't be a chicken! Take it before God and make the changes you need to better your life. God bless you 🙏 . Making tantrums about why you're unsubscribing: If i notice your cry for help i will do anything possible (mute/block/ban) To make sure you don't get back here by mistake, for your safety. Opposing views will be posted and feelings will get hurt. So this channel is NOT a safe space for you!! Hope you find better pasture somewhere else . -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Copyright Disclaimer Under Section 107 of the Copyright Act 1976, allowance is made for "fair use" for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching, scholarship, and research. Fair use is a use permitted by copyright statute that might otherwise be infringing. Non-profit, educational or personal use tips the balance in favor of fair use. Also for entertainment and educational purposes. All rights to the original works go to those that hold them, no copyright infringement intended. All material used falls under fair use of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (1998) for commentary, criticism, education and satire. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- . Description/Info Box: --------------------- . Title: MAKE SOLAR GENERATOR FROM A MIRROR PAN . . . ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- . . Source: "STRAIGHT EDGE" https://old.bitchute.com/video/WYdeLbcfHr7X/ . . ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- . . This channel is not paid by any third party to promote anything You can always donate to me or my channel. All help is very much appreciated. https://paypal.me/kbenweg Or you can give a cup of coffee/sandwich to someone in need... (This would bring me even more joy) . Thank you for watching, God bless, and I love you all!!! 🙏 . . ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- . . Subscribe to other channels: . Free Your Mind Videos https://rumble.com/c/FYMVideos Only if Rumble is down (or deletes) videos, those will be posted on the Backup Channels! Backup Channel on Odysee: https://odysee.com/@Tim:ab74 Backup Channel on Bitchute: https://www.bitchute.com/channel/ThkAWbd3XR2T/ . Christian Teachings And Documentaries https://rumble.com/c/c-1328393 . Sound The Trumpet Ministries: https://rumble.com/c/c-1123613 . Praise & Worship Music: https://rumble.com/c/c-3348236 . Telegram Channel: "Blocked & Banned" https://t.me/BlockedAndBanned => Group chat added where everyone can comment! https://t.me/BlockedAndBanned1 . . ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- . NOTE: These are not necessarily the beliefs of the uploader. Discernment is required to see the Truth in all of it. Jesus is the Way, the Truth and the Life. Jesus Christ is the Light that came into the world. There is NO other name by which you can be saved! Repent, be baptized and Born Again! . COMMENT ✅ THUMBSUP 👍🏻 SUBSCRIBE ⚠️ AND BE NOTIFIED 🙋🏼 . COMMENT POLICY: Thanks for watching 👍 Please keep comments on topic and value-add. Comments, where it is obvious the person did not watch the video, will be deleted. Comments containing arrested-developed behavior (nastiness, belligerence, stupidity, trolling, spam, links, etc.) will also be deleted (without notice) and banned from the channel. No self-promotion/advertising! . If my posts ruffled your feathers. Don't be a chicken! Take it before God and make the changes you need to better your life. God bless you 🙏 . Making tantrums about why you're unsubscribing: If i notice your cry for help i will do anything possible (mute/block/ban) To make sure you don't get back here by mistake, for your safety. Opposing views will be posted and feelings will get hurt. So this channel is NOT a safe space for you!! Hope you find better pasture somewhere else . -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

📌 The Intel Everyone Needs to Hear! It's All Coming Down to This! https://beforeitsnews.com/v3/contributor/stories/?uid=974754 ------------------------------- 💠 Please subscribe new channel: https://rumble.com/c/50USC1550 *************************** We will update the video link on telegram soon: 📢📢 Join us in Telegram: https://t.me/SGAnonGeneDecode.

With biting political analysis, Ian R. Crane probes the track record of those who openly crave the introduction of a One World hierarchical government. Exposing the agenda of those who have presided over events leading directly to the launching of illegal wars in Afghanistan and Iraq and who continually demonstrate their desire to perpetuate a state of permanent global conflict; whilst systematically eroding personal freedom, through the process of gradualism. So what does all this have to do with organic farming and natural health? Part of the New World Order agenda is to remove the requirement for food labeling and to restrict and ultimately prohibit the sale of all natural health products. However, this is just the tip of the iceberg; behind the Codex Alimentarius Commission are the United Nations and the World Health Organization, working in conjunction with the multinational pharmaceutical cartel and international banks. It is now a criminal offense in parts of Europe to sell herbs as foods. An agreement called EEC6565 equates selling herbs as foods to selling other illegal drugs. Action is being taken to accelerate bringing other European countries into "harmonization." Yet Ian's message is not all doom and gloom, concluding that the unfolding events present us with significant opportunity for true political alchemy. An ex-oilfield executive, Ian R. Crane now lectures and writes on the geo-political webs that are being spun; with particular focus on US Hegemony and the NWO agenda for control of global resources. Prior to his retirement from the corporate arena, Ian enjoyed a career of 25 years in telecommunications and international oilfield services, a career that provided the opportunity to live & work in the U.K., Continental Europe, the Middle East and Houston, Texas.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Copyright Disclaimer Under Section 107 of the Copyright Act 1976, allowance is made for "fair use" for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching, scholarship, and research. Fair use is a use permitted by copyright statute that might otherwise be infringing. Non-profit, educational or personal use tips the balance in favor of fair use. Also for entertainment and educational purposes. All rights to the original works go to those that hold them, no copyright infringement intended. All material used falls under fair use of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (1998) for commentary, criticism, education and satire. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- . Description/Info Box: --------------------- . Title: DEEP STATE CHEMTRAILS EXPOSED - CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY - DEATH PENALTY . . . . ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- . . Source: "mijnnaamisrepelsteeltje" https://old.bitchute.com/video/oT7S5w7sfye8 . . ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- . . This channel is not paid by any third party to promote anything You can always donate to me or my channel. All help is very much appreciated. https://paypal.me/kbenweg Or you can give a cup of coffee/sandwich to someone in need... (This would bring me even more joy) . Thank you for watching, God bless, and I love you all!!! 🙏 . . ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- . . Subscribe to other channels: . Free Your Mind Videos https://rumble.com/c/FYMVideos Only if Rumble is down (or deletes) videos, those will be posted on the Backup Channels! Backup Channel on Odysee: https://odysee.com/@Tim:ab74 Backup Channel on Bitchute: https://www.bitchute.com/channel/ThkAWbd3XR2T/ . Christian Teachings And Documentaries https://rumble.com/c/c-1328393 . Sound The Trumpet Ministries: https://rumble.com/c/c-1123613 . Praise & Worship Music: https://rumble.com/c/c-3348236 . Telegram Channel: "Blocked & Banned" https://t.me/BlockedAndBanned => Group chat added where everyone can comment! https://t.me/BlockedAndBanned1 . . ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- . NOTE: These are not necessarily the beliefs of the uploader. Discernment is required to see the Truth in all of it. Jesus is the Way, the Truth and the Life. Jesus Christ is the Light that came into the world. There is NO other name by which you can be saved! Repent, be baptized and Born Again! . COMMENT POLICY: Thanks for watching 👍 Please keep comments on topic and value-add. Comments, where it is obvious the person did not watch the video, will be deleted. Comments containing arrested-developed behavior (nastiness, belligerence, stupidity, trolling, spam, links, etc.) will also be deleted (without notice) and banned from the channel. No self-promotion/advertising! . If my posts ruffled your feathers. Don't be a chicken! Take it before God and make the changes you need to better your life. God bless you 🙏 . Making tantrums about why you're unsubscribing: If i notice your cry for help i will do anything possible (mute/block/ban) To make sure you don't get back here by mistake, for your safety. Opposing views will be posted and feelings will get hurt. So this channel is NOT a safe space for you!! Hope you find better pasture somewhere else . -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------